[39] Ahlburg, D. (1995), « Simple versus complex models: Evaluation, accuracy, and combining », Mathematical Population Studies, vol. 5/3, pp. 281-290, https://doi.org/10.1080/08898489509525406.
[26] Alexander, M., K. Polimis et E. Zagheni (2019), « The Impact of Hurricane Maria on Out‐migration from Puerto Rico: Evidence from Facebook Data », Population and Development Review, vol. 45/3, pp. 617-630, https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12289.
[31] Avramescu, A. et A. Wisniowski (2021), « Now-casting Romanian migration into the United Kingdom by using Google Search engine data », Demographic Research, vol. 45, pp. 1219-1254, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2021.45.40.
[23] Azose, J. et A. Raftery (2015), « Bayesian Probabilistic Projection of International Migration », Demography, vol. 52/5, pp. 1627-1650, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-015-0415-0.
[24] Azose, J., H. Sevcikova et A. Raftery (2023), « bayesMig: Bayesian Projection of Migration », CRAN: Contributed Packages (base de données), https://doi.org/10.32614/cran.package.bayesmig (consulté le 4 septembre 2025).
[47] Barker, E. et J. Bijak (2025), « Mixed-frequency VAR: a new approach to forecasting migration in Europe using macroeconomic data », Data & Policy, vol. 7, https://doi.org/10.1017/dap.2024.82.
[37] Barker, E. et J. Bijak (2022), Could we have seen it coming? Towards an early warning system for asylum applications in the EU..
[14] Beine, M., S. Bertoli et J. Fernández‐Huertas Moraga (2015), « A Practitioners’ Guide to Gravity Models of International Migration », The World Economy, vol. 39/4, pp. 496-512, https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.12265.
[15] Beyer, R., J. Schewe et H. Lotze-Campen (2022), « Gravity models do not explain, and cannot predict, international migration dynamics », Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, vol. 9/1, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01067-x.
[35] Bijak, J. (dir. pub.) (2024), From Uncertainty to Policy: A Guide to Migration Scenarios, Edward Elgar Publishing, https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035319800.
[44] Bijak, J. (2022), Towards Bayesian Model-Based Demography, Springer International Publishing, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83039-7.
[1] Bijak, J. (2011), Forecasting International Migration in Europe: A Bayesian View, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8897-0.
[20] Bijak, J. (2005), « Bayesian Methods in International Migration Forecasting », CEFMR Working Paper.
[5] Bijak, J. et al. (2019), « Assessing time series models for forecasting international migration: Lessons from the United Kingdom », Journal of Forecasting, vol. 38/5, pp. 470-487, https://doi.org/10.1002/for.2576.
[19] Bijak, J. et A. Wiśniowski (2010), « Bayesian Forecasting of Immigration to Selected European Countries by using Expert Knowledge », Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society, vol. 173/4, pp. 775-796, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-985x.2009.00635.x.
[30] Böhme, M., A. Gröger et T. Stöhr (2020), « Searching for a better life: Predicting international migration with online search keywords », Journal of Development Economics, vol. 142, p. 102347, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2019.04.002.
[17] Burzynski, M., C. Deuster et F. Docquier (2020), « Geography of skills and global inequality », Journal of Development Economics, vol. 142, p. 102333, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2019.02.003.
[21] Carammia, M., S. Iacus et T. Wilkin (2022), « Forecasting asylum-related migration flows with machine learning and data at scale », Scientific Reports, vol. 12/1, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05241-8.
[27] Culora, A. et al. (2021), Using social media data to ’nowcast’ international migration around the globe..
[18] Dao, T. et al. (2021), « Global migration in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries: the unstoppable force of demography », Review of World Economics, vol. 157/2, pp. 417-449, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-020-00402-1.
[8] de Beer, J. (1997), « The effect of uncertainty of migration on national population forecasts: The case of the netherlands », Journal of Official Statistics, vol. 13/3.
[4] Disney, G. et al. (2015), Evaluation of existing migration forecasting methods and models.
[34] HCR (2025), Nowcasting of refugee and asylum-seeker statistics.
[45] Hinsch, M. et J. Bijak (2023), « The Effects of Information on the Formation of Migration Routes and the Dynamics of Migration », Artificial Life, vol. 29/1, pp. 3-20, https://doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00388.
[33] IDMC (2022), Nowcasting internal migration movements by using an AI-enabled news analyses tool. Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre.
[9] Keilman, N., D. Pham et A. Hetland (2001), Norway’s Uncertain Demographic Future, http://hdl.handle.net/11250/181350.
[12] Klabunde, A. et F. Willekens (2016), « Decision-Making in Agent-Based Models of Migration: State of the Art and Challenges », European Journal of Population, vol. 32/1, pp. 73-97, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-015-9362-0.
[41] Kniveton, D., C. Smith et S. Wood (2011), « Agent-based model simulations of future changes in migration flows for Burkina Faso », Global Environmental Change, vol. 21, pp. S34-S40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.09.006.
[25] Lai, S. et al. (2019), « Exploring the use of mobile phone data for national migration statistics », Palgrave Communications, vol. 5/1, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-019-0242-9.
[28] Leasure, D. et al. (2023), « Nowcasting Daily Population Displacement in Ukraine through Social Media Advertising Data », Population and Development Review, vol. 49/2, pp. 231-254, https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12558.
[10] Lutz, W. et al. (2000), New Developments in the Methodology of Expert- and Argument-Based Probabilistic Population Forecasting.
[6] Lutz, W. et S. Scherbov (1998), , European Journal of Population, vol. 14/1, pp. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006040321755.
[40] Makridakis, S., E. Spiliotis et V. Assimakopoulos (2022), « M5 accuracy competition: Results, findings, and conclusions », International Journal of Forecasting, vol. 38/4, pp. 1346-1364, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2021.11.013.
[13] McAlpine, A. et al. (2020), « Agent-based modeling for migration and modern slavery research: a systematic review », Journal of Computational Social Science, vol. 4/1, pp. 243-332, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-020-00076-7.
[32] Morgenstern, S. et O. Strijbis (2024), « Forecasting migration movements using prediction markets », Comparative Migration Studies, vol. 12/1, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-024-00404-0.
[42] Naivinit, W. et al. (2010), « Participatory agent-based modeling and simulation of rice production and labor migrations in Northeast Thailand », Environmental Modelling & Software, vol. 25/11, pp. 1345-1358, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.01.012.
[36] Napierała, J. et al. (2021), « Toward an Early Warning System for Monitoring Asylum-Related Migration Flows in Europe », International Migration Review, vol. 56/1, pp. 33-62, https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183211035736.
[29] Rampazzo, F. et al. (2024), « Assessing Timely Migration Trends Through Digital Traces: A Case Study of the UK Before Brexit », International Migration Review, vol. 59/1, pp. 119-140, https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183241247009.
[38] Raymer, J. et F. Willekens (dir. pub.) (2008), Forecasting international migration: time series projections vs argument-based, John Wiley.
[22] Robinson, C. et B. Dilkina (2018), « A Machine Learning Approach to Modeling Human Migration », Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies, pp. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3209868.
[2] Sardoschau, S. (2020), The Future of Migration to Germany.« Assessing Methods in Migration Forecasting.
[7] Sohst, R., E. Acostamadiedo et J. Tjaden (2023), « Reducing uncertainty in Delphi surveys: A case study on immigration to the EU », Demographic Research, vol. 49, pp. 983-1020, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2023.49.36.
[43] Suleimenova, D. et D. Groen (2020), « How Policy Decisions Affect Refugee Journeys in South Sudan: A Study Using Automated Ensemble Simulations », Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 23/1, https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4193.
[46] UN (2024), World Population Prospects – 2024 Revision, https://population.un.org/wpp (consulté le 15 November 2024).
[16] Welch, N. et A. Raftery (2022), « Probabilistic forecasts of international bilateral migration flows », Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 119/35, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2203822119.
[11] Willekens, F. (2019), « Towards causal forecasting of international migration », Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, vol. 1, pp. 199-218, https://doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2018s199.
[3] Wiśniowski, A. (2021), « Migration forecasting using new technology and methods », dans Research Handbook on International Migration and Digital Technology, Edward Elgar Publishing, https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839100611.00039.