Publications

Sera disponible le 16 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 59

Strengthening digital financial literacy is a key policy priority in Croatia. To achieve this ambition in a context of rapid digitalisation of financial services, improving digital financial literacy is essential. This report outlines a strategic approach to advancing digital financial literacy in Croatia aligned with national and international frameworks. The proposed approach sets out a clear vision and strategic objectives, supported by a targeted implementation plan. The overarching aim is to help Croatia address remaining gaps in digital financial knowledge, decision making and mitigation of online financial risks, particularly among vulnerable groups, including young people and older adults.

Oiling the Wheels of Collective Bargaining

Sera disponible le 16 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 86

Sera disponible le 16 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 69

Sera disponible le 16 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 38

This paper provides an exploratory analysis of the role of unemployment insurance in mitigating the earnings losses associated with job displacement, with a focus on the United Kingdom. It starts by presenting new internationally comparable estimates of the earnings losses of job displacement in the UK - both without and with accounting for the earnings-loss replacement provided by unemployment benefits - and compares them with existing estimates for 13 OECD countries based on a harmonised research design. It then proceeds with an examination of the effects of major unemployment insurance reforms in Germany, Hungary, and Portugal on the earnings losses from job displacement, and the extent to which these effects depend on wage-setting institutions in the form of minimum wages and collective bargaining.

Sera disponible le 16 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langues: français-anglais
Pages: 18

La publication États de fragilité, mise à jour 2026 examine comment le caractère de plus en plus universel de la fragilité remet en question les cadres conceptuels établis pour appréhender la géopolitique, l’économie et la sécurité. Cette note de synthèse analyse un environnement mondial dans lequel les chocs systémiques se propagent en cascade à travers les sociétés, les économies et les régions. Ces chocs exacerbent les conflits existants et les rivalités géopolitiques, tout en aggravant les vulnérabilités liées au surendettement, à la dégradation de l’environnement et aux perturbations énergétiques. La note souligne que la fragilité n’est plus simplement une caractéristique propre à un nombre limité de pays ou de territoires. Elle devient de plus en plus une caractéristique d’un monde interconnecté, dans lequel les conséquences les plus graves des crises, des conflits et de l’instabilité se concentrent dans les contextes présentant des niveaux de fragilité élevés ou extrêmes. Enfin, cette note de synthèse met en évidence la nécessité cruciale de renforcer l’engagement international en faveur d’une nouvelle génération d’outils et de méthodes d’analyse, afin d’éclairer les politiques humanitaires, de développement et de paix et d’apporter des réponses crédibles dans un système mondial où la fragilité est instrumentalisée et où les causes profondes des défis sécuritaires dépassent le champ d’action des seuls instruments de sécurité.

Sera disponible le 16 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 57

This paper reviews the literature on the effects of unemployment insurance (UI) on economic welfare. UI is generally considered to increase economic welfare by providing insurance to jobseekers, but also entails a fiscal cost, due to the direct cost of benefits as well as fiscal externalities. These externalities arise when UI induces behavioural responses that affect aggregate employment and productivity, thereby altering benefit expenditures and tax revenues. The paper reviews evidence on the behavioural responses of jobseekers related to job search effort and job acceptance criteria and discusses their implications for unemployment duration and job quality. It also examines evidence on spillover effects – including demand stabilisation, competition for jobs, and firms' hiring and separation decisions. Finally, the paper discusses evidence on the optimal design of UI by balancing its insurance value against its net fiscal cost, and identifies key gaps in the existing evidence base.

Sera disponible le 17 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 51

Latin America is increasingly exposed to global steel excess capacity through both direct steel imports and steel embedded in manufactured goods. Between 2019 and 2025, total direct and indirect steel imports into the six major Latin American steel-producing economies (LAC6) increased by 47%, from 37.6 to 55.4 million metric tonnes, with indirect imports accounting for around 40% of the total. China is the dominant source, with combined direct and indirect imports more than doubling over the period, while ASEAN has also gained importance. Using conventional trade statistics alongside OECD Inter-Country Input-Output data, this paper traces the channels through which steel originating in excess-capacity economies reaches Latin American markets, including through downstream manufactured products and third economies. The analysis shows that China overwhelmingly dominates these flows, while third-economy transmission remains comparatively limited. Growing import penetration has contributed to persistently low-capacity utilisation, weakened intra-regional trade and increased competitive pressures on Latin American steel producers. The findings highlight how global excess capacity, driven largely by non-market policies and practices, is transmitted through increasingly complex value chains, underscoring the importance of addressing its root causes through strengthened international policy co-ordination and existing plurilateral frameworks.

Sera disponible le 17 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 30

The steel sector relies on a broad range of critical minerals, including graphite, nickel, fluorspar, magnesia, zinc, tin, titanium, and tungsten, many of which are characterized by concentrated supply chains, geopolitical vulnerabilities, and growing trade restrictions. At the same time, demand for these minerals is increasing rapidly in strategic sectors such as clean energy, batteries, digital technologies, aerospace, defense, and advanced manufacturing. This evolving demand landscape is creating competing-use pressures for mineral inputs that have traditionally supported steel production. The analysis finds that graphite, nickel, fluorspar, zinc, and magnesia are becoming increasingly important for energy-transition technologies, raising the risk of competition with steelmaking. While expanding renewable-energy infrastructure may strengthen demand for zinc and generate positive spillovers for the steel sector, battery-related demand is expected to intensify competition for graphite and nickel. Critical mineral policies are increasingly designed to support strategic emerging sectors, potentially diverting investment, processing capacity, and trade flows away from steel-related uses. The severity of these bottlenecks depends on demand patterns, policy incentives, and market segmentation. Graphite appears most exposed to policy-driven competition, while nickel faces growing risks from battery demand. Enhanced international policy coordination is needed to prevent additional vulnerabilities in interconnected minerals and steel value chains.

The role of NMPPs in countries of origin

Sera disponible le 17 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 46

This paper examines the profound structural transformation of Malaysia’s steel sector, driven primarily by large-scale foreign direct investment (FDI) in integrated blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BF/BOF) capacity. It investigates the extent to which cross-border investments were shaped, enabled, or supported by non-market policies and practices (NMPPs) in the country of origin—such as strategic policy alignment and state-linked financing mechanisms—and assesses their subsequent impacts on host-economy market dynamics. The findings reveal that massive capacity additions, occurring against a backdrop of subdued domestic demand, have led to surging exports, the severe displacement and market exit of viable domestic electric arc furnace (EAF) producers, low capacity utilisation, and a shift towards more carbon-intensive production. Furthermore, host-country investment incentives have interacted with home-economy support, reinforcing uneven competitive conditions. To address these structural distortions, the paper proposes five complementary policy approaches: supporting collective international action against excess capacity, enhancing the disclosure and verification of foreign support in inward FDI, ensuring host industrial policies safeguard a level playing field, mitigating adverse impacts on viable domestic producers, and embedding steel-specific excess-capacity criteria into national investment-assessment frameworks.

Sera disponible le 17 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 47

Using the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) and the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS), this paper examines the relationship between occupational exposure to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and changes in work organisation between roughly 2011 and 2024, a period that encompasses the early diffusion of generative AI. Work organisation has evolved over this period, with manual tasks declining, problem-solving and information-processing tasks becoming more prevalent, and teamwork becoming increasingly common. AI may have played some role in these changes: occupations more exposed to AI have seen a smaller increase in monotonous tasks, while the frequency of some information-processing tasks has increased faster. That being said, rising educational attainment appears to have played a more significant role in some of these changes in work organisation, underscoring the continued importance of investments in education and training.

From plans to places

Sera disponible le 17 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 89

Where people live can significantly shape their access to opportunity. Even in prosperous cities and regions, some neighbourhoods face persistent disadvantage, with limited access to jobs, quality housing, essential services and social infrastructure. For decades, governments have used area-based initiatives (ABIs) to address these interconnected dimensions of disadvantage, while also mobilising the local assets, networks and capacities that these neighbourhoods possess. The value of ABIs lie not simply in investing additional resources, but also in organising government and local actors differently around them. Building on a companion paper that mapped more than 40 programmes across OECD countries, this paper examines the design choices governments must make in terms of how to govern, finance and deliver ABIs. It discusses how to identify and select neighbourhoods; structure funding; co-ordinate across ministries; bridge national strategies with local flexibility; build local partnerships and capacity for delivery; and enable meaningful community participation. Core lessons distilled are not only relevant for ABI design, but can also inform how mainstream policies and services are delivered at the neighbourhood level.

A transfer pricing framework for copper

Sera disponible le 18 Novembre 2026 à 11:00 CET
Auteurs: OCDE, Forum intergouvernemental sur les mines, les minéraux, les métaux et le développement durable
Langue: anglais
Pages: 45

In the mining sector, government revenue depends on mineral products being priced and measured accurately. This can be especially challenging for minerals such as copper, which have economically relevant characteristics that may vary and significantly affect pricing. The schedule presented in this report applies the mineral pricing framework – outlined in the joint OECD/IGF work Determining the Price of Minerals: A transfer pricing framework – to identify the primary economic factors influencing the price of copper. It applies the Comparable Uncontrolled Price method and aims to ensure that developing countries are able to tax copper exports appropriately.

Sera disponible le 18 Novembre 2026 à 11:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 53

High-quality, internationally comparable statistics and data are essential to effective policy analysis and evidence-informed decision making. The OECD Statistics and Data Quality Assurance Framework provides a coherent and forward-looking approach to safeguarding the quality, credibility and trustworthiness of OECD statistics and data. It updates the OECD’s previous editions to reflect a rapidly evolving data environment, including the growing use of new and secondary data sources, advanced analytical techniques and artificial intelligence. The Framework defines how the quality of statistics, data and metadata is understood at the OECD and sets out principles, objectives and processes to support continuous improvement throughout the data lifecycle. While primarily intended to guide quality management across the OECD, it can also serve, alongside the OECD Recommendation on Good Statistical Practice, as a reference for national and international statistical authorities seeking to review, modernise or strengthen their own quality assurance frameworks. By promoting common quality principles and good statistical practices, the Framework aims to reinforce trust in statistics and support their effective use by people and machines.

Sera disponible le 18 Novembre 2026 à 15:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 91

Proposal for a Digital Financial Literacy Action Plan

Sera disponible le 19 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 70

As digital financial products, services and distribution channels continue to evolve and expand rapidly, consumers in many countries, including Lithuania, are experiencing increasingly frequent and sophisticated financial scams and frauds. Digital financial literacy can help consumers to identify, evaluate and protect themselves from fraudulent activities. This report proposes an evidence-based action plan to help relevant stakeholders address remaining gaps and strengthen consumers’ resilience to financial scams and frauds through digital financial literacy in Lithuania.

Sera disponible le 19 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 41

This paper provides practical policy guidance to accelerate Thailand’s transition to net zero greenhouse gas emissions, both across the economy and in three key sectors: power, agriculture and road transport. It argues that Thailand’s dual ambition of achieving net zero emissions by 2050 while advancing from a middle-income to a high-income economy is attainable. Realising this ambition, however, will require a comprehensive transformation of the country’s science, technology and innovation (STI) governance and policy framework. The paper finds that the STI system must play a more central role in supporting the transition, through stronger alignment and co-ordination with sectoral policies. Drawing on extensive engagement with Thai authorities and stakeholders, the paper identifies the key enablers and barriers shaping Thailand’s dual transition and proposes a set of governance and policy reforms to strengthen and mobilise the national STI system in support of both the country’s net zero objectives and its long-term economic development goals.

Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14

Sera disponible le 19 Novembre 2026 à 11:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 470

Effective tax treaty dispute resolution is essential to providing greater tax certainty and supporting a stable international tax environment. Under BEPS Action 14, Members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS committed to implementing a minimum standard to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the Mutual Agreement Procedure (MAP), which enables jurisdictions to resolve disputes arising from the interpretation and application of tax treaties. This report presents the findings of Cycle 1 of the full peer reviews of Denmark, Finland, Morocco, Norway, Romania and Spain. It assesses the implementation of the BEPS Action 14 minimum standard, examining how these jurisdictions prevent and resolve tax treaty disputes, ensure access to MAP and implement MAP agreements. The report identifies progress made, areas for improvement and recommendations to strengthen tax dispute resolution practices.

Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14

Sera disponible le 19 Novembre 2026 à 11:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 460

Effective tax treaty dispute resolution is essential to providing greater tax certainty and supporting a stable international tax environment. Under BEPS Action 14, Members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS committed to implementing a minimum standard to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the Mutual Agreement Procedure (MAP), which enables jurisdictions to resolve disputes arising from the interpretation and application of tax treaties. This report presents the findings of Cycle 1 of the full peer reviews of Czechia, France, Italy, Japan, Latvia and Malaysia. It assesses the implementation of the BEPS Action 14 minimum standard, examining how these jurisdictions prevent and resolve tax treaty disputes, ensure access to MAP and implement MAP agreements. The report identifies progress made, areas for improvement and recommendations to strengthen tax dispute resolution practices.

Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14

Sera disponible le 19 Novembre 2026 à 11:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 450

Effective tax treaty dispute resolution is essential to providing greater tax certainty and supporting a stable international tax environment. Under BEPS Action 14, Members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS committed to implementing a minimum standard to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the Mutual Agreement Procedure (MAP), which enables jurisdictions to resolve disputes arising from the interpretation and application of tax treaties. This report presents the findings of Cycle 1 of the full peer reviews of Austria, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta and the United States. It assesses the implementation of the BEPS Action 14 minimum standard, examining how these jurisdictions prevent and resolve tax treaty disputes, ensure access to MAP and implement MAP agreements. The report identifies progress made, areas for improvement and recommendations to strengthen tax dispute resolution practices.

Sera disponible le 20 Novembre 2026
Auteurs: OCDE, Conference des Nations Unies sur le commerce et le développement
Langue: anglais
Pages: 23

This report documents investment measures that G20 governments have undertaken between 16 October 2025 and 15 October 2026. It constitutes the 33rd edition of a series of reports published since 2009 that respond to the mandate from the G20 that the OECD, UNCTAD and WTO monitor and publicly report on the commitments not to introduce new barriers to trade and investment.

Proposal for a Digital Financial Literacy Action Plan

Sera disponible le 20 Novembre 2026 à 08:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 82

As digital financial products, services and distribution channels continue to evolve and expand rapidly, adults in many countries, including Latvia, are experiencing increasingly frequent and sophisticated financial scams and frauds. Digital financial literacy can help consumers to identify, evaluate and protect themselves from fraudulent activities. This report proposes an evidence-based action plan to help relevant stakeholders address remaining gaps and strengthen adults’ resilience to financial scams and frauds through digital financial literacy in Latvia.

Sera disponible le 20 Novembre 2026 à 16:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langues: anglais-espagnol
Pages: 142

Sera disponible le 23 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 85

The global market for digital technology products – including Internet of Things appliances and wearables, AI-powered vehicles, robots and chatbots, and virtual reality devices – is expanding rapidly. While these products’ digital features can help detect hazards and enable remote fixes, connectivity loss, unpredictable AI behaviour and immersive technologies may cause physical harm. In addition, AI chatbots and social robots may pose mental health risks, particularly for children. While the scale of these impacts remains unclear due to limited data and under-reporting, existing product safety frameworks may struggle with post-sale product changes, complex supply chains and harms beyond traditional physical injury. To mitigate risks, policy makers, regulators and businesses could strengthen product safety by design, modernise risk assessments, product safety laws and standards, and provide clearer consumer information on product use and risks. They could also improve incident data collection and cross-border and cross-policy co-operation to prevent regulatory fragmentation and oversight gaps.

Sera disponible le 23 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 30

The update of the OECD database on Export Restrictions on Staple Crops shows that between July 2025 and June 2026, export restrictions increased modestly, following a sharp decline between mid‑2024 and early 2025. Despite this increase, the total remained well below the exceptionally high levels recorded in 2024. Wheat was the most targeted commodity, accounting for the largest share of newly introduced measures. Export restrictions remained highly concentrated in a few countries, with Russia, India and Argentina accounting for around 75% of measures in force. The composition of newly introduced restrictions shifted towards export taxes and export quotas. No new export prohibitions or minimum export prices (MEPs) were introduced and several existing MEPs were removed. The analysis also highlights the persistence of export restrictions across reporting periods and the prevalence of longer-lasting measures, particularly export prohibitions and MEPs, which were predominantly open-ended. The OECD has tracked export restrictions on staple crops since January 2007 as part of its contribution to the Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS) initiative.

Sera disponible le 23 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 52

Private enforcement of competition law complements public enforcement and enables those harmed by anti-competitive conduct to seek compensation. Over the past decade, several jurisdictions have reformed their legal frameworks for competition damages claims, leading to increased litigation. This paper reviews these developments and examines the main legal and practical factors that affect whether claims can be brought effectively. These include follow-on and stand-alone actions, access to evidence, standing, causation, the quantification of harm and collective redress. The paper also looks at how public and private enforcement interact and the different ways in which competition authorities may support private claims, including through assistance to courts, guidance, advocacy and support for public-sector claims. The paper highlights the differences between national systems and considers how procedural design can affect access to compensation and the nature of private competition litigation.

Sera disponible le 23 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 101

Sera disponible le 23 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 43

Recent years have seen renewed interest in exploitative abuses under competition law, an area that has traditionally attracted less enforcement attention than exclusionary conduct. While excessive pricing has long been the principal focus of the enforcement and policy debate in this area, interest has increasingly expanded to non-price forms of exploitative conduct, including data-related exploitation and the impositions of unfair trading conditions. This paper examines how exploitative abuse is understood, assessed and addressed across jurisdictions. It considers the principal arguments for and against enforcement, compares the legal frameworks used to address the underlying conduct, and examines the analytical approaches emerging from enforcement practice.

Sera disponible le 23 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 51

Financing conditions influence whether innovative firms can enter, expand and constrain established suppliers. Competition in capital markets can therefore affect innovation and productivity across the economy, as well as conditions in financial markets. This paper examines competition in equity investment in unlisted innovative firms, focussing on independent venture capital, corporate venture capital, private equity and equity crowdfunding. Bank finance, public equity markets, market infrastructure and intermediary services are covered where they offer workable alternatives or affect private financing or exit options. The paper assesses whether firms have credible alternatives that constrain capital providers on financial, governance and strategic terms, and how choice changes over the financing lifecycle. It distinguishes financing constraints arising from the risks of innovation from restrictions on competition among providers and intermediaries. It examines how later stage finance and exit conditions affect bargaining, investment incentives and the merger counterfactual. It considers how barriers to entry and expansion, anticompetitive conduct and mergers may restrict firms’ financing or exit options, including through investors’ ownership and contractual rights. Finally, it discusses how competition enforcement and advocacy, pro-competitive financial regulation, and co-operation between competition and financial authorities can address these risks while preserving investor protection and financial stability.

Comparative Information on OECD and other Advanced and Emerging Economies

Sera disponible le 23 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 153

This report is the 14th edition of the OECD's Tax Administration Series. Drawing on data and information from a broad range of national tax administrations across the globe, it examines how tax administrations manage their resources and operations, perform their core functions, and adapt to a rapidly changing environment. The report provides a unique source of internationally comparable data and insights, helping tax officials understand global trends in the design and administration of tax systems and draw cross-jurisdictional comparisons. While primarily intended for analysts, it also serves as a valuable resource for senior tax administration leaders and government officials involved in tax policy and administrative reform. Covering national-level tax administration in 60 jurisdictions, the report focuses on 2024 data while also analysing developments between 2018 and 2024, providing insights into longer-term trends in the management, performance, and evolution of tax administrations.

Sera disponible le 23 Novembre 2026 à 09:30 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 70

Malaysia is currently reforming its corporate governance framework, including through the revision of the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance. This report aims to support Malaysia in this process. It assesses Malaysia’s legal and regulatory framework against the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance, focusing on shareholder rights and equitable treatment, market confidence and investor engagement, and board governance, oversight and effectiveness. The report also provides policy recommendations to inform Malaysia’s reform efforts.

Policy Lessons for Integrated and Sustainable Care

Sera disponible le 24 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 111

Sera disponible le 24 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 51

Ireland’s Senior Cycle achieves strong outcomes for many students, including high levels of educational attainment and progression to higher education. However, the context in which Senior Cycle operates has changed considerably and the current system does not always respond fully to the diverse needs, interests and aspirations of all students. This paper examines how Ireland could build on the ongoing redevelopment of Senior Cycle to better respond to students’ different interests, aspirations and future plans. It identifies opportunities to increase flexibility and choice within Senior Cycle, expand vocational and work-based learning, and strengthen the recognition of diverse forms of learning and post-school destinations. It also highlights the importance of career guidance in helping students navigate a more diverse system.

Taxation of High-Net‑Worth Individuals in African Countries

Sera disponible le 24 Novembre 2026 à 14:00 CET
Auteurs: OCDE, Commission de l'Union africaine, Forum sur l’Administration Fiscale Africaine
Langue: anglais
Pages: 300

This annual publication compiles comparable tax and non‑tax revenue statistics for 39 countries in Africa from 1990 to 2024, as well as provisional revenue data for 2025 for 33 countries. The African countries in this publication include Angola, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Chad, Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda and Zambia. Applying the OECD’s well-established methodology on the classification of public revenues set out in the OECD Interpretative Guide to African countries, the report enables comparisons of tax levels and structures across Africa and with other regions, including OECD countries, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Asia and the Pacific. The data presented in this publication form part of the OECD Global Revenue Statistics Database, a key reference for analysis of domestic resource mobilisation across regions. This edition includes a special feature examining approaches to the taxation of high-net-worth individuals in Africa. The publication is jointly undertaken by the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, the OECD Development Centre, the African Union Commission and the African Tax Administration Forum.

A Taxonomy to Map Global Capabilities

Sera disponible le 25 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 48

Managing Debt for Transformation

Sera disponible le 25 Novembre 2026
Auteurs: OCDE, Commission de l'Union africaine
Langue: anglais
Pages: 210

State of Health in the EU Cycle

Sera disponible le 25 Novembre 2026
Auteurs: OCDE, Commission européenne
Langue: anglais
Pages: 220

The 2026 edition of Health at a Glance: Europe examines how European health systems are responding to population ageing, rising demand for care, and tight budgets. It provides policymakers, health professionals and researchers with comparable data and analysis to assess progress and persisting challenges across European countries. The first thematic chapter examines whether more than a decade of investment in digital health is translating into wider use, fairer access and better care. It also considers health systems’ readiness to use artificial intelligence and maintain public trust in digital services. The second thematic chapter examines the health and economic burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and assesses whether EU countries are on track to meet the 2030 targets for reducing antibiotic consumption and selected drug-resistant infections. The publication also presents the latest comparative indicators on population health, risk factors, health spending, access to care, quality of care and health system resilience. It covers EU Member States, EU candidate countries, European Free Trade Association countries and the United Kingdom.

Sera disponible le 25 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 160

Viet Nam is an important participant in the global semiconductor value chain, with a well-established assembly, testing, and packaging (ATP) segment supported by longstanding investments from major multinational firms. Viet Nam also benefits from a strong education system, an open trade and investment environment, and a well-established electronics industry. Viet Nam has placed semiconductors high among its policy priorities and can build on this momentum, including by strengthening innovation and research and development (R&D) capabilities, addressing infrastructure bottlenecks, ensuring a sufficient supply of industry-ready talent, improving support for entrepreneurship, particularly in semiconductor design, and effectively implementing a wide-ranging policy reform agenda. This report examines opportunities and challenges for Viet Nam’s semiconductor ecosystem and draws on quantitative and qualitative analysis, as well as insights from a diverse group of stakeholders to provide policy recommendations across five key themes: strengthening the business and policy environment, accelerating semiconductor technology, research and innovation, improving the enabling infrastructure for semiconductor development, promoting the development of semiconductor human capital, and supporting entrepreneurship, SMEs, and competitive markets.

Sera disponible le 25 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 162

Indonesia’s semiconductor ecosystem is still emerging and is primarily focused on the assembly, testing and packaging (ATP) segment of the value chain. At the same time, the country benefits from several strengths, including its geographic proximity to Southeast Asia’s leading semiconductor hubs, longstanding foreign investments in Batam and West Java, and an increasing political commitment, evidenced by the inclusion of semiconductor development as a national priority in the 2025-2029 National Medium-Term Development Plan and by the establishment of a dedicated semiconductor task force. This report examines opportunities and challenges for Indonesia’s semiconductor ecosystem. Drawing on both quantitative and qualitative data, as well as insights from a diverse group of stakeholders, this report provides policy recommendations on the institutional environment for the semiconductor ecosystem, the integration of firms into global value chains, the promotion of relevant skills and talent development, the acceleration of technological progress in the semiconductor field, and the improvement of infrastructure needed to foster the development of the semiconductor sector. By implementing such policy recommendations, Indonesia can further develop its semiconductor ecosystem and realise its ambitions.

Migrant Worker Integration and Reintegration

Sera disponible le 26 Novembre 2026
Auteurs: OCDE, Organisation internationale du travail
Langue: anglais
Pages: 65

Sera disponible le 26 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 282

Egypt’s higher education system has expanded and diversified substantially in recent years. In the decade leading up to 2023/24, undergraduate enrolment rose to 3.8 million students and the number of universities more than doubled to 100. This expansion has widened educational opportunities and extended provision across the country, but it is also placing pressure on funding, infrastructure, academic staffing and arrangements to maintain and enhance quality. This report examines how Egypt’s higher education system is responding to demographic growth, economic pressures and changing labour market needs. It assesses trends in participation and resources, the conditions for quality teaching and learning, the relevance of education to employment, internationalisation, and the information and guidance available to prospective and current students. It also considers differences in access, study choices and employment outcomes across population groups. Drawing on national and international evidence, stakeholder consultations and comparisons with other countries, the report provides a comprehensive assessment for policymakers, higher education leaders, academic staff, employers and development partners. It is also relevant to other countries seeking to manage rapid growth and diversification in higher education while maintaining quality and supporting positive outcomes for students and graduates.

Sera disponible le 26 Novembre 2026 à 09:30 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 118

Well-functioning capital markets will be central to Viet Nam’s ongoing transition towards a growth model that focuses on efficient resource allocation and productivity increases. This report assesses Viet Nam’s capital market and provides recommendations to strengthen market trust, facilitate access to equity and long-term financing through corporate bonds, broaden the investor base and deepen international integration. The recommendations aim to support policymakers in advancing ongoing reforms to improve the functioning of capital markets and contribute to sustainable economic growth.

Sera disponible le 27 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 120

Three Case Studies of Strategic Foresight in Practice

Sera disponible le 30 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 65

How can education systems respond to today’s pressures while preparing for futures that may look very different? Strategic foresight creates space to explore alternative possibilities, question assumptions and connect long-term perspectives to decisions taken now. Developed as part of the OECD’s Trends Shaping Education project, this report complements Strategic Foresight for Future-Fit Education Policy: International Experiences and Lessons Learned, which compares approaches across 27 education systems. Drawing on in-depth case studies of the Flemish Community of Belgium, Finland and Wales (United Kingdom), this report examines how education administrations put strategic foresight into practice within different institutional and policy settings. It offers practical insights into connecting foresight with policy processes, combining methods for different purposes and building capacity to work with uncertainty.

Sera disponible le 30 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 95

Financial literacy and financial inclusion are key pillars of Egypt’s national sustainable development framework “Egypt Vision 2030”. To support its efforts to broaden participation in the formal financial system, this report analyses the results of Egypt’s first internationally comparable adult financial literacy survey based on the 2022 OECD/INFE Toolkit for Measuring Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion. It assesses financial knowledge, behaviour, attitudes and inclusion across population groups, with particular attention to youth and the use of digital financial services. The report concludes with policy recommendations to strengthen financial literacy in Egypt.

Findings from the Infrastructure Governance Indicators

Sera disponible le 30 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 98

International Experiences and Lessons Learned

Sera disponible le 30 Novembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 150

Global trends such as advances in artificial intelligence, shifting geopolitics and climate-related disruptions have sharpened the demand for tools that can help policymakers think beyond the immediate and plan for multiple future scenarios. Strategic foresight offers a way to navigate global uncertainty, helping policymakers and practitioners anticipate change, explore alternative futures and shape long-term directions for education. Drawing on evidence from 27 education systems, this report complements the OECD’s Trends Shaping Education series by investigating how education administrations are developing systematic approaches to thinking about the future. It examines how foresight is used, governed and evaluated across education systems, and identifies lessons for strengthening its contribution to policy making, capacity building and organisational learning.

Sera disponible le 3 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 15

This paper focusses on artificial intelligence (AI) inputs and how they could affect competition. It provides an overview of the value chain behind current AI systems, looking at the potential evolution of AI markets and the critical uncertainties regarding their inputs. It also identifies key competition considerations and forward-looking questions on the role of competition policy to realise the benefits of AI. It is prepared for the 2026 Joint Competition Policy Makers and Enforcers Summit under the French presidency in continuity with previous OECD work.

Sera disponible le 7 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 90

International trade is essential to matching rising demand for critical minerals with available supply, but growing concentration, export restrictions, geopolitical tensions, and non-market policies are increasing vulnerabilities in global supply chains. This report examines the implications of these developments for critical mineral supply chains and reviews policy responses across OECD and partner economies. It finds that concentration in production, processing, and trade remains exceptionally high, and that existing trade classifications and datasets often obscure vulnerabilities, with exports of some minerals potentially twice as geographically concentrated as suggested by current harmonised trade statistics. Governments are responding through diversification strategies, investment support, stockpiling, and international partnerships, with 37 countries having adopted critical minerals strategies and 53 bilateral and plurilateral critical mineral agreements concluded since 2019. The report highlights the importance of better data and international co-operation for enhanced diversification of critical minerals supply chains.

Sera disponible le 7 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 600

Sera disponible le 7 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 240

Hospitals account for almost 40% of health spending across OECD countries and play a central role in delivering care, yet many health systems continue to rely on hospital structures that no longer reflect today’s needs and technological progress. This report examines how countries are rethinking the organisation of hospital services to respond to changing population needs, medical advances, and workforce constraints.

Sera disponible le 7 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 30

This guide aims to support competition authorities in assessing the expected impact of their enforcement, merger control, advocacy and related activities. Building on previous OECD guidance, it reflects developments in authority practice, empirical evidence and evaluation methodologies. The guide proposes a simple, transparent and proportionate framework for estimating and communicating the likely consumer benefits of interventions, while recognising the limitations and uncertainties inherent in such assessments. It is intended primarily for economists, policy analysts and evaluation specialists within competition authorities.

Sera disponible le 7 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 240

Sera disponible le 8 Décembre 2026 à 09:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 260

The OECD Review of Digital Education Policy in Lithuania offers an independent analysis of the strengths and challenges of digital education in Lithuanian schools. It was carried out as part of the OECD project Resourcing School Education: Policies for the Digital Transformation of Education and Future-Readiness of Teachers. Lithuania has built solid foundations for digital education, with widespread connectivity, national platforms, digital learning materials and a rich stock of education data, and now faces the challenge of turning these assets into better teaching and learning, including through the responsible use of artificial intelligence. The report describes and assesses the system from an international perspective and proposes policy options to guide future reforms. The analysis covers primary and secondary education and focuses on four areas: i) governance, strategic vision, monitoring and evaluation; ii) funding, procurement and the market for digital learning materials; iii) the capacity of teachers and school leaders; and iv) curriculum, pedagogy and assessment in the digital age. This report aims to inform education authorities and stakeholders in Lithuania, as well as other countries seeking to develop a policy environment that enables schools to achieve excellence and equity in the digital age.

Sera disponible le 8 Décembre 2026 à 10:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 150

Developed at the initiative of the German Federal Ministry for Education, Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth (BMBFSFJ), the concept of economic self-sufficiency captures an individual’s ability to sustain their livelihood through their own work throughout life, independently of private or public financial support. Supporting economic self-sufficiency is essential as rapid population ageing shrinks the working-age population, intensifies labour shortages and adds pressure to already constrained public budgets. It is also fundamental to individual well-being, including by making it easier to leave an abusive relationship through reduced financial dependence on a partner. This report translates the concept into a cross-country assessment of women’s and men’s economic self-sufficiency. It begins by documenting substantial gender gaps and examining their labour market drivers. It then focuses on mothers, whose economic self-sufficiency falls sharply after childbirth as unequal sharing of paid and unpaid work persists. Finally, it examines barriers rooted in enduring beliefs about women’s and men’s supposedly innate abilities that affect women independently of motherhood and its anticipation. The findings inform policy options for Germany, drawing on international comparisons with a particular focus on Denmark and France, two neighbouring countries with less pronounced gender gaps in economic self-sufficiency.

Sera disponible le 10 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 35

The 2026 edition of OECD Competition Trends examines competition enforcement trends in 2025 across 67 jurisdictions. The report highlights the latest developments in antitrust enforcement, merger activity and resources of competition authorities, comparing 2025 outcomes with the previous year and trends over the last five years. The report provides insights to support informed policymaking and strengthen competition law and policy worldwide.

Sera disponible le 10 Décembre 2026
Auteurs: OCDE, Organisation mondiale de la Santé
Langue: anglais
Pages: 200

The ninth edition of Health at a Glance Asia/Pacific presents a comprehensive set of indicators on health status, determinants of health, health care resources and utilisation, health expenditure and financing, and quality of care across 27 countries and territories in the Asia‑Pacific region. It also features a series of dashboards that enable cross-country comparisons, along with two thematic analyses on Healthy ageing and long-term care and Extreme weather and environment-related risks to health. Drawing on a wide range of data sources, this edition builds on the format of previous Health at a Glance publications and provides readers with a deeper understanding of the factors influencing population health and health system performance across the region. Each indicator is presented in a user-friendly format, including charts that illustrate variations across countries and territories and trends over time, concise analyses highlighting the main findings, and a methodological note describing the indicator definition and any limitations affecting data comparability. An annex provides additional information on the demographic and economic context in which health systems operate.

Sera disponible le 10 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 45

This report examines how administrative data, generated as a by-product of routine government interactions with citizens through tax, benefit, education and employment systems, can strengthen evidence-based skill policies. It explores the value-added of linked administrative records relative to traditional sources, as well as the practical and institutional foundations required to use them effectively. By examining emerging practices and policy experiences across OECD countries, this report aims to inform governments seeking to build or strengthen their use of administrative data throughout the skill policy cycle, from assessing and anticipating skill needs to targeting interventions and evaluating what works.

Sera disponible le 10 Décembre 2026 à 09:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 180

Growth across OECD regions over the past two decades has evolved unevenly. Some regions have managed to catch up but others have failed to narrow economic gaps. Large cities remain important engines of growth, concentrating people, firms, and ideas that generate and exploit strong agglomeration economies. Yet not all growth comes from cities. All types of regions have growth potential by building on regional strengths, through upgrading their industrial structure, or investing in innovation, capital or talent. To (re)ignite growth in all types of regions, this report assesses the importance of (advanced) tradable sectors, including both manufacturing and tradable services, the role of innovation and innovative startups, and the need to use and develop local talent.

Convergence of Tax Revenues in OECD Countries

Sera disponible le 10 Décembre 2026 à 11:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 350

Data on government sector receipts, especially taxes, are essential inputs for most structural economic descriptions and analyses and are increasingly used in cross-country economic comparisons. This annual publication gives a conceptual framework to define which government receipts should be regarded as taxes. It presents a unique set of detailed and internationally comparable tax data in a common format for all OECD countries from 1965 onwards. This year’s edition includes a special feature on the convergence of tax revenues in OECD countries.

VAT/GST and Excise, Core Features and Trends

Sera disponible le 10 Décembre 2026 à 11:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 300

Consumption Tax Trends provides information on Value Added Taxes/Goods and Services Taxes (VAT/GST) and selected excise duties across OECD Member countries, including tax rates, bases and revenue performance. It also examines international developments in VAT/GST and VAT efficiency indicators. In addition, it covers selected consumption tax provisions relating to tobacco, alcoholic beverages, motor vehicles and aviation fuels.

Sera disponible le 14 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 100

Turning Strong Science into Growth for All

Sera disponible le 16 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 95

The Evolving Economic Case

Sera disponible le 16 Décembre 2026
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 50

Using data from the 2022-23 Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC), this report examines how education, skills and training are associated with labour market outcomes. It finds that both educational attainment and information-processing skills are strong predictors of employment and wages. The report also shows that non-formal training, particularly in leadership, teamwork and project management, is associated with the largest wage premiums, and highlights the value of flexible and employer-funded training. At the same time, it reveals substantial variation in the labour market value of education, skills and training across countries, occupations and individuals. By identifying the types of training most strongly associated with wages, the report provides evidence to support policymakers, employers, and education and training providers in designing and delivering learning opportunities that are valued in the labour market.

Evidence from the Evaluation of the Transition 5.0 Tax Credit

Sera disponible le 17 Décembre 2026 à 09:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 70

Sera disponible le 17 Décembre 2026 à 10:00 CET
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 137

Poland’s long-term care system will need to expand as the population ages. By 2050, 29% of the population is projected to be aged 65 and over, while formal care currently operates with limited public financing and severe workforce shortages. Effective mechanisms to assure and improve quality will therefore become increasingly important. This report examines how quality is regulated, monitored and measured across health and social care, and identifies gaps in licensing, inspections, quality indicators and the use of data on quality. Drawing on legislation, administrative data, stakeholder interviews, survey data, and international good practices, the report it sets out recommendations for developing an integrated quality framework for better long-term care that supports consistent oversight, service improvement and better information for beneficiaries.

Sera disponible le 27 Janvier 2027
Auteur: OCDE
Langue: anglais
Pages: 140