The OECD Innovation Strategy

Measuring Innovation: A New Perspective - online version

About the book:
Background and ordering information

Foreword
Towards a measurement agenda for innovation
Innovation today
Empowering people to innovate
Unleashing innovation in firms
Investing in innovation
Reaping returns from innovation
Addressing global challenges

Permanent URL of this page: www.oecd.org/innovation/strategy/measuring

This animated graphics video shows the different ways OECD countries fund business R&D.

OECD's Measuring Innovation: A New Perspective (presentation about this new OECD publication, PPT)

Corrigendum, 30 March 2011

Foreword

Towards a Measurement Agenda for Innovation

Chapter 1: Innovation today

	Sources of growth
	Decomposition of growth in GDP per capita, 2001-08
	New sources of growth
	Labour productivity growth: adding the contribution of intangible assets, 1995-2006
	Intangible assets
	Investment in fixed and intangible assets as a share of GDP, 2006
	Innovation beyond R&D
	New-to-market product innovators, 2004-06
	Protection of innovation
	Patents and trademarks per capita, 2005-07
	Trademarks
	Service-related trademarks, 2008
	Comparing cycles: United States Gross Domestic Product and trademark applications at the USPTO, 1999-2010
	Mixed modes of innovation
	Complementary innovation strategies in manufacturing, 2004-06
	Complementary innovation strategies in services, 2004-06
	Collaboration in innovation
	Firms with national/international collaboration on innovation, 2004-06
	Collaboration on innovation, 2004-06
	Mapping hot research areas Hot research areas on a science map, 2008
	Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research Locations of inter-/multidisciplinary research areas on the science map, 2008
	New players in research
	Scientific articles and co-authorship, 1998 and 2008
	Scientific collaboration
	Trends in co-operation on scientific articles, 1985-2007
	Scientific collaboration with BRIC countries, 1998 and 2008
	Clusters of knowledge Patents per million inhabitants, Europe, average 2005-2007 Patents per million inhabitants, North America, average 2005-2007 Patents per million inhabitants, Japan and Korea, average 2005-2007 Patents per million inhabitants, Australia and New Zealand, average 2005-2007
	Innovation hotspots
	Innovation hot spots in renewable energy, 2005-07
	Innovation hot spots in biotechnologies and nanotechnologies, 2005-07
	Science for environmental innovation
	The innovation-science link in “green” technologies, 2000-07
	Technological innovation for climate change
	Trends in technological innovation for climate change mitigation, 1978-2006
	Transfers of environmental technologies Transfer of wind (top) and solar photovoltaic (bottom) technologies, 1990-2007
	Chapter notes

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Chapter 2: Empowering people to innovate

2.1	Basic scientific skills
	Reading, mathematics and science proficiency at age 15, 2006 Length of time students have been using a computer and mean PISA science score, 2006
2.2	Tertiary education
	Transition from upper secondary education to graduation at the university level, 2007 Annual tuition fees charged by public universities and public subsidies to private entities, 2007 Private net present value for an individual obtaining tertiary education as part of initial education, 2005
2.3	Doctorate holders
	Graduation rates at doctorate level, 2007 Science and engineering graduates at the doctoral level, 2007 New graduates at doctorate level by country of graduation, 2007
2.4	Skills mismatch
	Unemployment rate of university graduates, 2007 Supply of and demand for highly skilled employees, 2009 Percentage difference in median gross annual earnings between doctorate holders working as researchers and those not working as researchers, 2006
2.5	International mobility
	International students, 2007 Job-to-job mobility of human resources in science and technology (HRST), employed 25-to-64-year-olds, 2007 International mobility of doctorate holders by main destination, 2006
2.6	Entrepreneurial talent
	Self-employed by place of birth, 15-to-64-year-olds, 2008 Percentage of the population 18 to 64 years old who received any type of training in starting a business, during or after school, 2008
2.7	GAP page - Innovative workplace and skills for innovation
	Firms engaged in innovation-related training activities by size, 2004-06
2.8	Consumers' demand for innovation
	Final consumption expenditure of households, by selected category, 2008 Percentage of households having invested in environmentally friendly products in the last ten years, 2008 Monthly household expenditures on communication services, by type of access, 2007
	Chapter notes

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Chapter 3: Unleashing innovation in firms

3.1	Entry and exit
	Entry rate, average 2000-07 Employer enterprise birth rate (2006) and death rate (2005) in the manufacturing sector Employer enterprise birth rate (2006) and death rate (2005) in the services sector
3.2	Mobilising private funding
	Long-term interest rates, 2008 Venture capital investment, 2008 Business angels, 2007
3.3	Policy environment
	Days needed to start a business, 2010 Barriers to entrepreneurship, 2008 Taxation on personal income and corporate income, 2009
3.4	Young and innovative firms
	One- and two-year-old employer enterprises in manufacturing and in services, 2006 Patenting activity of young firms, 2005-07 Patenting and survival - within a two-year window, 2006
	Chapter notes

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Chapter 4: Investing in innovation

4.1	Firms investing in R&D
	Business enterprise expenditure on R&D, 2008 Direct and indirect government funding of business R&D and tax incentives for R&D, 2007
4.2	Firms investing in innovation
	Expenditure on innovation, by firm size, 2006 Firms receiving public support for innovation, by size, 2004-06 Firms' turnover from product innovation, by type, 2006
4.3	Government funding R&D
	Government budget appropriations or outlays for R&D, 2007 Government budget appropriations or outlays for R&D by selected socio-economic objectives, 2008 Government budget appropriations or outlays for R&D by national sector of performance, 2008 (updated 30 March 2011)
4.4	Higher education and basic research
	Higher education expenditure on R&D, 2008 Government funded R&D in higher education by type of funding, 2008 Basic research performed in the public sector, 2007
4.5	Information and communication technologies
	ICT investment by asset in OECD countries, 2008 Increase in the probability to innovate linked to ICT use, manufacturing, 2006 Increase in the probability to innovate linked to ICT use, services, 2006
4.6	Firms and smart infrastructure
	OECD broadband subscribers per 100 inhabitants, by technology, June 2009 Evolution of a representative DSL broadband subscription over time, 2005-09
4.7	Governments and smart infrastructure
	E-government readiness index, 2008 Relation between broadband penetration and citizen uptake of e-government services, 2008
4.8	GAP page - Measuring innovation in the public sector
	Total expenditure of general government, 2008
4.9	GAP page - Multi-level governance of innovation
	Share of sub-national government in public investment, 2007
	Chapter notes

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Chapter 5: Reaping returns from innovation

5.1	Scientific collaboration
	Scientific articles by type of collaboration, 2008 Highly cited (top 1%) scientific articles by type of collaboration, 2006-08
5.2	Science and industry linkages
	Patents filed by public research organisations, 2000-07 Main scientific fields cited in “green” patents by inventor country, 2000-07 Relative citation rate in “green” patents by main scientific fields 2000-07
5.3	Knowledge clusters
	R&D intensity by region, 2007 Regional average of PCT patents with co-inventor(s) by location, 2005-07
5.4	Commercialisation
	Patents granted at the European Patent Office by 2009 ICT-related patents granted at the European Patent Office by 2009 Biotechnology patents granted at the European Patent Office by 2009 Nanotechnology patents granted at the European Patent Office by 2009 Renewable energy patents granted at the European Patent Office by 2009
5.5	Knowledge circulation
	International technology flows (royalties and licence fees), 1997-2008 (updated 30 March 2011) Patenting firms licensing out at least one patent to non-affiliated companies, 2006 Foreign inventions owned by countries, 2005-07
	Chapter notes

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Chapter 6: Addressing global challenges

6.1	Health
	Total expenditure on health, 2007 Health R&D in government budget appropriations or outlays for R&D, 2008 Public funding of health-related R&D, 2007
6.2	Climate change
	Renewable energy patents, 1998-2006 Patents for climate change mitigation technologies, 2007 Government research, development and demonstration (RD&D) expenditures on selected climate change mitigation technologies, 2004-08
6.3	Other environmental challenges
	Patent applications in pollution abatement and waste management technologies, 2002-07 Government R&D budget devoted to control and care for the environment, 2008 Facilities with environmentally-related R&D in selected manufacturing sectors, 2003
	Chapter notes

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