Migration
International Migration Outlook 2021
The 2021 edition of International Migration Outlook analyses recent developments in
migration movements and the labour market inclusion of immigrants in OECD countries.
It also monitors recent policy changes in migration governance and integration in
OECD countries. This edition includes two special chapters, one providing an in-depth
analysis of the fiscal impact of migration in OECD countries since the mid 2000s and
another on the causes and consequences of the residential segregation of immigrants.
The Outlook also includes country notes and a detailed statistical annex.
Published on October 28, 2021Also available in: French
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Foreword | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Editorial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive summary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key facts and figures (infographic) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent developments in international migration movements and labour market inclusion of immigrants | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent developments in immigration policy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent developments in migrant integration policy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The fiscal impact of immigration in OECD countries since the mid‑2000s | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential segregation of immigrants: Patterns, drivers, effects and policy responses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Statistical annex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| List of the members of the OECD Expert Group on Migration | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition of OECD International Migration Division | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Country notes: Recent changes in migration movements and policies41 chapters available
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Key facts
USD 2.5 trillion
In 2017, migrants paid USD 2.5 trillion in taxes and contributions in surveyed OECD
economies, USD 570 billion more than governments spent on them.
3.7 million people
Just 3.7 million permanent migrants arrived in OECD countries in 2020, a 33% drop
from the previous year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This is the lowest level of migration
since 2003.
1 in 10 migrants
1 in 10 migrants were unemployed in 2020 compared to 1 in 15 native-born residents
in OECD countries. Hospitality and domestic services, which have the highest concentration
of migrant workers, were among the hardest hit by the pandemic.
