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Economie


  • 3-décembre-2021

    Français

    Japon : il faut élargir la transition numérique pour renforcer la reprise économique après la crise liée au COVID-19, selon l’OCDE

    L’augmentation du taux de vaccination et un rebond des exportations aident l’économie japonaise à se remettre du choc provoqué par le COVID-19, même si des problèmes subsistent.

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  • 17-novembre-2020

    Français

    Le financement des PME et des entrepreneurs. Tableau de bord de l’OCDE - Édition spéciale : les conséquences du COVID-19

    Ce rapport est une édition spéciale du Tableau de bord de l’OCDE sur le financement des PME et des entrepreneurs, publication phare de l’OCDE. Il examine en détail les conséquences du COVID-19 sur l’accès des PME au financement, ainsi que les mesures prises en conséquence par les pouvoirs publics. Il apparaît qu’avant la crise, les conditions de financement étaient globalement favorables pour les PME et les entrepreneurs, qui bénéficiaient de faibles taux d’intérêt, de critères accommodants d’octroi des crédits et d’une offre de plus en plus diversifiée d’instruments de financement. Mais la crise du COVID‑19 a profondément bouleversé l’accès des PME au financement. Plus particulièrement, l’effondrement brutal du chiffre d’affaires des entreprises a provoqué de graves pénuries de liquidités qui ont mis en danger la survie de bon nombre d’entreprises viables. Ce rapport fait état d’une augmentation de la demande de prêts bancaires au cours du premier semestre de 2020, et d’une stabilité de l’offre de crédit grâce à l’action des pouvoirs publics. Parallèlement, on a observé un recul d’autres sources de financement, en particulier l’apport de fonds propres au stade du démarrage. Le rapport réunit des données sur le périmètre et l’ampleur des mesures prises par les gouvernements dans le monde, et en précise les principales caractéristiques. Il décrit les principaux enjeux stratégiques du financement des PME qui se poseront au cours des prochaines phases de la pandémie ; il s’agira en effet d’éviter le surendettement des PME, de promouvoir une gamme diversifiée d’instruments de financement, de stimuler la création d’entreprises et de renforcer la résilience des PME par des mesures structurelles.
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  • 20-August-2020

    English

    The International Online Conference to Address Water-related Disaster Risk Reduction under COVID-19: “Water, DRR and Economics under COVID-19”

    The 6% decline in global GDP that we project for 2020 in our most recent Economic Outlook is larger than any other decline in the 60 years of OECD’s existence. And in case of a second wave of infections, global GDP could decline by more than 7.5%.

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  • 14-April-2020

    English

    Synthesising good practices in fiscal federalism - Key recommendations from 15 years of country surveys

    The design of intergovernmental fiscal relations can help to ensure that tax and spending powers are assigned in a way to promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth. Decentralisation can enable sub-central governments to provide better public services for households and firms, while it can also make intergovernmental frameworks more complex, harming equity. The challenges of fiscal federalism are multi-faceted and involve difficult trade-offs. This synthesis paper consolidates much of the OECD’s work on fiscal federalism over the past 15 years, with a particular focus on OECD Economic Surveys. The paper identifies a range of good practices on the design of country policies and institutions related strengthening fiscal capacity delineating responsibilities across evels of government and improving intergovernmental co-ordination.

  • 15-April-2019

    English

    Launch of 2019 Economic Survey of Japan

    Japan’s current economic expansion, which began in December 2012, is now the longest in its post-war history; it is not, however, its fastest. We expect GDP to reach ¾ per cent this year and in 2020. The growth of output per capita has accelerated to a pace close to the OECD average and job creation has been robust. Persistent deflation has been replaced with positive, albeit low, inflation.

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  • 15-April-2019

    English

    OECD-BIAC Japan/Keidanren Working Lunch: 2019 Economic Survey of Japan and Japan’s G20 Presidency

    Let me begin with the context. The global expansion continues to lose momentum and world trade growth has slowed sharply. Trade tensions have clouded the outlook for firms and risk disrupting investment and global value chains.

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  • 12-April-2019

    English

    Mr. Angel Gurría, Secretary-General of the OECD, in Tokyo on 15-16 April 2019

    Mr. Angel Gurría, Secretary-General of the OECD, will be in Tokyo on 15-16 April 2019 on an Official visit to Japan, to present the OECD 2019 Economic Survey of Japan. During his visit, the Secretary-General will hold bilateral meetings with Prime Minister Abe, as well as several Ministers and other high-level Japanese officials.

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  • 18-April-2018

    English

    Japan: Promoting Inclusive Growth for an Ageing Society

    Japan has achieved a comparatively high level of well-being: skill levels are high, unemployment is low and life expectancy at birth is the highest in the OECD. Since its launch in 2013, Abenomics has had a positive effect on the economy, and per capita output growth has picked up. However, to achieve inclusive growth and greater well-being, Japan needs to address important challenges to foster fiscal sustainability, narrow the productivity gap with leading OECD countries and manage the demographic transition. A new fiscal plan going beyond achieving a primary surplus should lay out concrete measures to raise revenues and control spending. As Japan’s population ages, using all available talent in the labour market and achieving gender equality are key to overcome labour shortages. Boosting productivity, which has been stagnant, will require increasing returns from R&D, capitalising on the digital economy, fostering the dynamism of SMEs, and reducing barriers to foreign direct investment and trade to promote greater integration into global value chains. Japan’s education system is one of the top performers in the OECD, but there is scope to further invest in teachers and schools. Finally, further action to foster green growth and environmental quality as well as effectively leveraging upcoming international sports events, such as the Rugby World Cup 2019 and the Olympic and Paralympic Games 2020, would also boost local development and inclusive growth. The complementarity of reforms needed to achieve inclusive and sustainable growth in in an aging society makes a compelling case for a comprehensive approach.
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  • 12-April-2018

    English

    OECD-Keidanren-BIAC-JCER Joint Seminar on “The Digital Economy”

    It is a pleasure to be with you today at what is now a regular and highly valued dialogue between the OECD and the Japanese business community.

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  • 4-octobre-2017

    Français

    Assurer la viabilité des finances publiques au Japon dans le contexte d'une population déclinante et vieillissante

    Compte tenu d’une dette publique brute égale à 219 % du PIB, la situation budgétaire du Japon est inédite et menace l’économie du pays.

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