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Assessment of chemicals

OECD Cooperative Chemicals Assessment Programme (CoCAP)

 

The Programme was established, based on the previous High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals Programme to better respond to the changing needs of member countries; it addresses a number of member country challenges, such as:

  • Assessing more chemicals in a shorter period of time
  • Addressing all chemicals on the market
  • Avoiding duplication of on-going work in other countries

 

FOUR PROGRAMME AREAS

  1. Elaboration and dissemination of OECD-wide agreed conclusions on hazards of chemicals;
  2. Development and application of integrated approaches to testing and assessment;
  3. Avoiding duplication; and
  4. Providing a forum to exchange experience in member countries

 

1. Elaboration and dissemination of OECD-wide agreed conclusions on hazards of chemicals


The focus of the Programme is to derive OECD-wide agreed hazard assessments of chemicals; its scope includes HPV chemicals as well as non-HPV, new and existing industrial chemicals.

 

The Screening Information Data Set (SIDS) (See Chapter 2 of the Manual for the Assessment of Chemicals) is the reference data set to perform an initial assessment in accordance with the OECD Decision-Recommendation of the Council on the Cooperative Investigation and Risk Reduction of Existing Chemicals [C(90)163/FINAL] (PDF). Full SIDS initial assessments, which address all SIDS endpoints for chemicals and chemical categories, are sponsored and prepared by member countries and the chemical industry. Hazard assessments prepared by the chemical industry and authorities (in the context of national/regional and industry programmes) can be submitted to the programme with minimal rewriting and reformatting. However the general objectives of the SIDS Initial Assessment Report and SIDS Dossier must be met when submitting full SIDS assessments.

 

The Programme generates targeted assessments, i.e. hazard assessments that address a limited number of hazard endpoints short of the full SIDS assessment, or for other non-SIDS hazard endpoints. The purpose of elaborating targeted assessments is to increase the availability of internationally agreed hazard assessments (even if it is on a limited number of endpoints) and improve efficiency. Specific types of chemicals, such as metals/inorganics, petroleum substances or polymers are also addressed in addition to developing the necessary guidance to assess the hazards of these substances.

 

Member countries and industry share the task of elaborating and reviewing hazard assessments for chemicals, while maintaining the current OECD high quality of assessments. Industry can submit draft assessments either via a sponsor country, which will perform a first review of the assessment, or directly through the Business and Industry Advisory Committee to OECD (BIAC).

 

The status of all chemicals being assessed in the Programme as well as access to final agreed assessments is available in the OECD Existing Chemical Database. OECD-wide agreed hazard assessments will also be disseminated via the OECD Global Portal to Information of Chemical Substances.

 

Agreed conclusions are regularly published in a collection of cooperative chemicals assessments in the OECD Series on Testing and Assessment.

 

2. Development and application of Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment


The Programme develops integrated approaches to testing and assessment and improves their regulatory acceptance, by applying them to actual hazard assessments elaborated within the Programme.

 

Efforts continue to focus on expanding the chemical category concept, which has proven so successful over the last 10 years. New ways of grouping chemicals into toxicologically appropriate categories, e.g. according to mechanisms or modes of action, are also being investigated.

 

The Programme continues to improve the expertise in and regulatory acceptance of (Q)SAR methodologies in general, via an improved collaboration between (Q)SAR experts and hazard assessors and trainings.

 

As new types of data such as genomics or high-throughput in vitro test results become available, the Programme investigates how such data sets can be used to characterise the hazards of chemicals.

 

3. Avoiding Duplication


As member countries implement their national/regional programmes to assess more chemicals in a shorter timeframe, the potential for duplication of work increases, the eChemPortal continues to improve access to existing hazard information and assessments, including GHS classifications and underlying datasets. The Programme is also a forum to share future plans for chemical assessment within countries and regions and to discuss possible partnerships, so contributing to the goal of avoiding duplication.

 

4. Providing a Forum to exchange experience in Member countries


The Programme is a forum to exchange experience among member countries to avoid duplication of effort and identify issues for collaborative work. Examples of topics for exchange of information and experience are:

  • National/regional and industry-developed methodologies for hazard assessment
  • Priority setting
  • Categorization of inventories
  • GHS classifications
  • Effects from exposure to multiple chemicals
  • Assessment of endocrine disruptors
  • Case study assessments of nanomaterials

 

Further reading

 

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