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Governments and companies borrowed USD 25 trillion from markets in 2024, which is USD 10 trillion more compared to the pre-COVID period. Higher and more expensive sovereign and corporate debt risks restricting capacity to finance future investment needs.


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Both sovereign and corporate borrowing continued to rise in 2024 and are expected to rise further in 2025
Sovereign bond issuance in OECD countries is projected to reach a record USD 17 trillion in 2025, up from USD 14 trillion in 2023. Emerging markets and developing economies' (EMDE) figures from debt markets has also grown significantly, from around USD 1 trillion in 2007 to over USD 3 trillion in 2024. The outstanding global stock of corporate bond debt reached USD 35 trillion at the end of 2024, resuming a long-term trend of over two decades of consecutive increases in indebtedness that came to a temporary halt in 2022.
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oecdecoscope.blog18 March 2025
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