Component Series (Unit)

Source

Consumer confidence indicator (% balance)

Institute for Studies and Economic Analyses (ISAE)

Production: future tendency (manufacturing) (% balance)

ISAE

Deflated net new orders (2005 = 100)

National Institute of Statistics

Order books: level (manufacturing) (% balance)

ISAE

CPI All items (2005=10) inverted

ISTAT

Imports from Germany Cif (USD)

ISTAT

Reference chronology of turning points

Trough 1960M10, Peak 1962M1, Trough 1965M1, Peak 1970M7, Trough 1972M11, Peak 1974M3, Trough 1975M6, Peak 1976M11, Trough 1977M10, Peak 1979M12, Trough 1983M3, Peak 1985M9, Trough 1987M2, Peak 1989M12, Trough 1993M8, Peak 1995M12, Trough 1999M2, Peak 2001M1, Trough 2003M7, Peak 2008M2, Trough 2009M5, Peak 2011M6