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Publications & Documents


  • 15-September-2020

    English

    Regulations and Standards for Clean Trucks and Buses - On the Right Track?

    This report reviews progress on technical standards for heavy vehicles that could enable trucks and buses with zero or near-zero emissions. It focuses on plug-in and fuel cell electric vehicles that use technologies at the forefront of green and inclusive economic development. It includes information on technical standards on charging and refueling infrastructure, and identifies remaining barriers and opportunities for their future development. The report offers valuable insights for all stakeholders involved in the transition to carbon-free mobility and clean energy.

  • 8-September-2020

    English

    Sustainable Ocean for All - Harnessing the Benefits of Sustainable Ocean Economies for Developing Countries

    Adopting more sustainable ways of managing the ocean is a global priority: protecting its health will bring benefits to all. Developing countries face specific challenges, as many depend heavily on ocean-based industries and are overly exposed to the consequences of ocean degradation. Enhancing their access to science, policy advice and financing would allow them to tap better into the opportunities of a more sustainable ocean economy, including more decent jobs, cleaner energy, improved food security and enhanced resilience, while contributing to the protection of the world’s ocean. This report provides policy makers in developing countries, as well as their development co-operation partners with a wealth of fresh evidence on (i) the latest trends in selected ocean-based industries; (ii) policy instruments, including economic incentives, to promote ocean sustainability in various contexts; (iii) the first review of development finance and development co-operation practices in support of more sustainable ocean economies, including a discussion of how development co-operation can help re-orient private finance towards sustainability.

  • 3-September-2020

    English

    The effects of R&D tax incentives and their role in the innovation policy mix - Findings from the OECD microBeRD project, 2016-19

    This report presents new evidence on the impact of R&D tax incentives and direct funding of business R&D, drawing on distributed cross-country and firm-level analyses undertaken as part of the first phase of the OECD microBeRD project (2016-19). This 'distributed' approach facilitates a harmonised analysis of confidential business R&D and tax relief microdata in 20 OECD countries. microBeRD provides new insights into the effectiveness of R&D tax incentives in encouraging business R&D in the OECD area and the heterogeneity of effects both within and across OECD countries, including the underlying impact mechanisms. The report contributes to the debate on the role of R&D tax incentives in the policy mix by providing additional comparative evidence on the effects of alternative business R&D inducement incentives.

  • 26-August-2020

    English

    Measuring the economic value of data and cross-border data flows - A business perspective

    The amount and variety of data that companies collect, aggregate and analyse has increased dramatically in recent years. This paper investigates how the economic value of data can be conceptualised and measured from a business perspective. It discusses data monetisation as a strategy for developing new business models or enhancing traditional ones, and proposes a new taxonomy for data that focuses on measuring its business value. The paper also discusses how different data characteristics and types affect economic value, before examining the role of cross-border data flows as a key enabler of our global economy. As part of this discussion, the concept of a 'global data value chain' is presented, based on the idea that digitalisation enables the physical detachment of data collection, analysis, storage and monetisation. The paper concludes with a summary and discussion of the most promising avenues for measuring the economic value of data.

  • 19-August-2020

    English

    Electrifying Postal Delivery Vehicles in Korea

    This report evaluates the costs and benefits of replacing postal delivery motorcycles with electric vehicles in eight Korean cities. It compares operating costs, safety performance, and environmental impacts based on data collected from a field trial with both vehicle types. In addition to the economic analysis, qualitative aspects are also discussed based on the findings of a focus group study. The results from the pilot programme provide an evidence base for policy initiatives in the delivery sector in Korea and beyond.

  • 14-August-2020

    English

    Current approaches to terrorist and violent extremist content among the global top 50 online content-sharing services

    This report provides an overview of the policies and procedures for addressing terrorist and violent extremist content (TVEC) across the global top 50 online content sharing services, with a focus on transparency. It finds that only five of the 50 services issue transparency reports specifically about TVEC, and these five services take different approaches in their reports. These services use different definitions of terrorism and violent extremism, report different types of information, use different measurement and estimation methods, and issue reports with varying frequency and on different timetables. The low number of reporting companies and the variation in what, when and how they report make it impossible to get a clear and complete cross-industry perspective on the efficacy of companies’ measures to combat TVEC online and how they may affect human rights. This situation could be improved if more companies issued TVEC transparency reports and included more comparable information.

  • 13-August-2020

    English

    Capital incentive policies in the age of cloud computing - An empirical case study

    This paper assesses whether current policy environments are appropriate for the emergence of cloud computing technology. In particular, this research uses firm level data for Germany and the United Kingdom to examine the impact of capital incentive programmes (a common policy present in most OECD countries) on cloud adoption. The design for many of these policies target investments in physical capital while excluding digital services like the cloud. Firms view digital investments and digital services as substitutes, therefore narrowly defined incentive programmes may actually discourage the use of emerging tools like cloud computing, which are found to enable the growth and performance of young entrants. Overall, the results find that while capital incentive policies encourage firm investments in ICT and other forms of capital, they actually reduce the probability of cloud adoption. Policy makers may therefore need to reconsider the design of capital incentive programmes within their jurisdictions.

  • 11-August-2020

    English

    Safety of novel foods and feeds and on the harmonisation of regulatory oversight in biotechnology

    Dryland oilseed crop traditionally used for food and textile dyes, SAFFLOWER is now mostly cultivated for oil production. This consensus document provides science-based key insights for the regulatory assessment of the environmental safety of safflower genetically-engineered varieties: taxonomy, centres of origin, cultivation, reproductive biology, genetics, hybridisation and introgression, and ecology.

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  • 10-août-2020

    Français

    Pour soutenir la lutte contre le COVID-19, une meilleure harmonisation des réglementations relatives aux essais cliniques s’impose

    Cette note porte sur les obstacles rencontrés dans la mise en place d’essais cliniques internationaux. Elle fournit des informations sur les adaptations qu’il conviendrait d’apporter aux exigences réglementaires pour accélérer les processus et souligne la nécessité d’harmoniser davantage les réglementations entre les différentes autorités de régulation nationales.

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  • 6-August-2020

    English

    The impacts of COVID-19 on the space industry

    The recent growth in the space sector has generated unprecedented levels of entrepreneurship and start-up activity, but the COVID-19 crisis could reverse this positive trend. Space agencies and other public administrations therefore need to fully consider vulnerable smaller actors in their overall crisis responses.

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