Publications & Documents


  • 13-November-2018

    English

    Innovation policies in the digital age

    This paper looks at how digitalisation is transforming innovation, and the consequent need for innovation policies to adapt. It shows that the digital transformation affects the economics of information and knowledge, in particular pricing and allocation.

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  • 8-novembre-2018

    Français

    Indicateurs de biotechnologie de l'OCDE

    Les indicateurs de biotechnologie ci-dessous sont produits par la Direction de la science, de la technologie et de l'innovation (DSTI) de l'OCDE.

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  • 7-November-2018

    English

    Stemming the Superbug Tide - Just A Few Dollars More

    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a large and growing problem with the potential for enormous health and economic consequences, globally. As such, AMR has become a central issue at the top of the public health agenda of OECD countries and beyond. In this report, OECD used advanced techniques, including machine learning, ensemble modelling and a microsimulation model, to provide support for policy action in the human health sector. AMR rates are high and are projected to grow further, particularly for second- and third-line antibiotics, and if no effective action is taken this is forecasted to produce a significant health and economic burden in OECD and EU28 countries. This burden can be addressed by implementing effective public health initiatives. This report reviews policies currently in place in high-income countries and identifies a set of ‘best buys’ to tackle AMR that, if scaled up at the national level, would provide an affordable and cost-effective instrument in the fight against AMR.

  • 22-October-2018

    English

    Oslo Manual 2018 - Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition

    What is innovation and how should it be measured? Understanding the scale of innovation activities, the characteristics of innovative firms and the internal and systemic factors that can influence innovation is a prerequisite for the pursuit and analysis of policies aimed at fostering innovation. First published in 1992, the Oslo Manual is the international reference guide for collecting and using data on innovation. In this fourth edition, the manual has been updated to take into account a broader range of innovation-related phenomena as well as the experience gained from recent rounds of innovation surveys in OECD countries and partner economies and organisations.  

  • 22-October-2018

    English

    Scientific Advice During Crises - Facilitating Transnational Co-operation and Exchange of Information

    This report looks at how scientific advice can best support crisis management during transnational crises, such as those provoked by natural hazards or pandemics. Scientific advice has an important role to play in all phases of the crisis management cycle - preparedness, response and recovery.  It can be particularly valuable during the sense-making period when a crisis occurs and develops.  However, this value is dependent on the quality and timeliness of the advice and most importantly its relevance to the decisions that crisis managers and policy-makers have to make during a crisis. Generating rigorous scientific advice requires access to relevant data, information and expertise, across scientific disciplines and across borders. Ensuring this advice is useful requires effective connections between scientific advisory processes and crisis management mechanisms, including at the international level.

  • 16-October-2018

    English

    Effective operation of competitive research funding systems

    This policy paper analyses existing competitive research funding mechanisms and their effectiveness, taking into account a variety of contextual factors. It focuses on the efficiency of funding allocation mechanisms relative to their objectives and includes policy recommendations.

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  • 10-October-2018

    English, PDF, 5,822kb

    Discover the OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation

    We cover a vast range of topics, developing evidence-based policy advice on the contribution of science, technology and innovation to economies and societies. From business dynamics and productivity to GVCs and the evolution of the digital economy, and from innovation for social challenges to alleviating excess capacity in heavy industries, we seek to provide new insights for policymakers. We also "go national" with in-depth reviews.

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  • 10-October-2018

    English

    How Global Trade Can Promote Growth for All

    I am delighted to join you in Bali for today’s high-level event on How Global Trade Can Promote Growth for All. I would like to thank our co-hosts – the WTO, IMF, and World Bank, as well as the Australian Government – for their support and commitment to addressing this important issue.

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  • 5-October-2018

    English

    How is research policy across the OECD organised? Insights from a new policy database

    Building on a newly created policy indicator database, this paper provides a first systematic comparison of the governance of public research policy across 35 OECD countries from 2005 to 2017.

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  • 4-October-2018

    English

    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in China

    The expansion of agricultural production in China has been remarkable, but at the expense of the sustainable use of its natural resources. To counter this, as well as to face problems due to rising labour costs and a rapidly ageing rural population, agricultural production must concentrate on a smaller number of more productive farms. It is in this light that this report reviews recent policy developments to assess whether they have been conducive to productivity growth and environmental sustainability. It finds that the conditions for structural change and innovation at the farm level in China could be further improved by securing the long-term stability of land rights as well as reducing transaction costs. Greater policy coherence with agri-environmental policy objectives could also be achieved through stricter enforcement of environmental regulations. Finally, the agricultural innovation system could play a greater role by placing the focus on public agricultural R&D in areas such as the environment and resource conservation, and in other areas which do not attract much private sector investment. 
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