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À l’heure de concevoir une politique, une loi, un règlement ou tout autre type de « règle », les pouvoirs publics devraient toujours se pencher sur ses effets probables. L’analyse d’impact de la réglementation (AIR) fournit aux décideurs des indications cruciales pour juger s’il est opportun d’adopter un texte pour atteindre certains objectifs et, si oui, pour déterminer comment procéder. L’AIR consiste à examiner les incidences et les conséquences de tout un éventail de solutions possibles. Elle peut également aider les responsables publics à défendre leur décision de ne pas intervenir dans le jeu du marché lorsque cela s’avérerait plus coûteux qu’avantageux. La présente publication propose aux responsables publics, aux fonctionnaires et aux autres acteurs du secteur public un instrument pratique pour mieux concevoir et mettre en œuvre leurs dispositifs et stratégies d’AIR. Les Principes qui y sont formulés couvrent un large éventail d’organisations institutionnelles, d’outils et de pratiques, présentent une liste d’étapes clés et énumèrent les pratiques à privilégier et à éviter dans l’élaboration des dispositifs d’AIR. Le rapport s’inscrit dans une série de Principes de bonne pratique de l’OCDE en matière de politique réglementaire élaborés sous la direction du Comité de la politique de la réglementation de l’OCDE. Comme les autres rapports de la série, il complète et précise les principes formulés dans le cadre de la Recommandation du Conseil concernant la politique et la gouvernance réglementaires de 2012.

Environmental regulators strive to protect the environment and public health from pollution from economic activity. This report uses the OECD Performance Assessment Framework for Economic Regulators (PAFER) to assess both the internal and external governance of Ireland’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It looks at the EPA’s role and objectives, its financial and human resources, processes for internal management and decision making, and systems for performance assessment. The review acknowledges the EPA’s achievements and good practices, analyses the key drivers of its performance, and identifies a number of challenges and opportunities for improvement to help the regulator prepare for the future.

International regulatory co-operation (IRC) provides an opportunity for countries to consider the impacts of their regulations beyond their borders, to expand the evidence for decision-making, to learn from the experience of their peers and to develop concerted approaches to challenges that transcend borders. This review documents the context of IRC policies and practices in the United Kingdom. It covers both the UK’s unilateral efforts to embed international considerations in domestic rulemaking and its bilateral, regional and multilateral co-operative efforts on regulatory matters. In addition, the review provides a snapshot of IRC in practice in the United Kingdom with four case studies on financial services, nuclear energy, medical and healthcare products and product safety. At a time when IRC is an increasingly essential, yet largely untapped, tool for addressing transboundary policy challenges, this review offers valuable lessons to countries within the OECD and beyond.

This report uses systems thinking tools to address pervasive problems in Slovenia's procurement system that the government has struggled to remedy through traditional regulatory means. The report outlines how room for innovation can be created within highly regulated policy domains and how governments can systematically benefit from it. Systems thinking allows for a new understanding of the role of procurement. The report explores potential reforms that could be designed from the bottom-up, to address specific behavioural and structural barriers – such as public perception, risk aversion, accountability and control functions – that cannot be addressed using only a legalistic approach.

Behavioural insights (BI) has become widely used by public bodies around the world, mostly towards improving the way policies are implemented and influencing individual behaviour. As the field of BI evolves to tackle more complex policy issues, there is widespread perception that BI can and should go beyond the study of individual-level decision processes for higher impact. This report presents research on applying BI to changing the behaviour of organisations, with a focus on fostering elements of a safety culture in the energy sector. It presents comparative findings from experiments with energy regulators in Canada, Ireland, Mexico and Oman, as well as guidance for applying BI to safety culture going forward.