Trade and Labour Market Adjustment

Occupation-level analysis of short-term labour market impacts from trade can provide policy makers with better insights than industry-level studies, says this paper using a unique dataset based on harmonised labour force surveys from Canada, Israel, United Kingdom, United States, Brazil and South Africa. For instance, occupation-level data shows that imports can be associated with higher wages and a lower probability of unemployment.

Estimating the Constraints to Agricultural Trade of Developing Countries

Agricultural trade can be a powerful engine for economic growth, poverty reduction, and development. However, efforts by developing countries to expand their agricultural trade are often hampered by domestic supply-side constraints such as lack of trade-related infrastructure. This report looks at some of the most important of these constraints, and features case studies from Indonesia, Zambia and Mozambique.

Regulatory Transparency in Multilateral Agreements Controlling Exports of Tropical Timber, E-Waste and Conflict Diamonds

This paper examines how three multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) incorporate transparency into their regulatory regimes: CITES (endangered species, especially tropical timber), the Basel Convention (hazardous e-waste), and the Kimberley Process (conflict diamonds)

World Wheat Price Volatility: Selected Scenario Analyses

This study provides quantitative assessments of the impact of two structural changes that a number of market observers have identified as contributing to world wheat market price volatility. The factors examined relate to changes in demand in the large emerging countries of the BRICs (comprising Brazil, the Russian Federation, India and China).

Taking Stock of Measures Restricting the Export of Raw Materials: Analysis of OECD Inventory Data

Governments appear increasingly inclined to apply border and domestic measures to restrict the export of raw materials. For industrial raw materials, the OECD is constructing an Inventory of measures that have been applied since 2009. The underlying survey covers some 100 countries, some 15 types of measures and most minerals, metals and wood. This paper analyses 2009-2010 data collected so far for the minerals and metals sector.

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Stochastic Model Development and Price Volatility Analysis

Recent experience of highly turbulent markets has renewed interest in quantitative assessment of price volatility by stochastic simulations using the AGLINK-COSIMO model. Measuring the contribution of correlation of yield shocks to price volatility, this paper shows that correlation effects account for a significant portion of price volatility for coarse grains and wheat.

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• OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook

Multilateralising Regionalism: Disciplines on Export Restrictions in Regional Trade Agreements

World Trade Organisation (WTO) disciplines in the policy area of export restrictions could benefit in a number of ways from the approaches found in some regional trade agreements, according to this study.

The OECD Regulatory Reform Review of Indonesia: Market Openness

This paper focuses on the market openness aspects of regulatory reform in Indonesia to devise recommendations for improving the country’s regulatory processes. These recommendations involve institutionalising independent and objective evaluations of policies from an economy-wide perspective, as well as instituting a process by which broad public consultations are systematically required.

Trade, Employment and Structural Change: The Australian Experience

International trade produces income gains, but increased trade exposure also creates some challenges that require complementary policies to maximise the benefits of trade. This paper looks at how Australia has dealt with these issues in recent years.

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Trade Effects of Exchange Rates and their Volatility: Chile and New Zealand

Exchange rate volatility impacts trade flows in small, open economies more than for larger economies, according to this study of trade in the agricultural and the manufacturing and mining sectors of Chile and New Zealand.

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• To What Extent Do Exchange Rates and their Volatility Affect Trade?