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  • 29-June-2020

    English

    Test No. 405: Acute Eye Irritation/Corrosion

    This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance (liquids, solids and aerosols) by application on the eye. This Test Guideline is intended preferably for use with albino rabbit. The test substance is applied in a single dose in the conjunctival sac of one eye of each animal. The other eye, which remains untreated, serves as a control. The initial test uses an animal; the dose level depends on the test substance nature. A confirmatory test should be made if a corrosive effect is not observed in the initial test, the irritant or negative response should be confirmed using up to two additional animals. It is recommended that it be conducted in a sequential manner in one animal at a time, rather than exposing the two additional animals simultaneously. The duration of the observation period should be sufficient to evaluate fully the magnitude and reversibility of the effects observed. The eyes should be examined at 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours after test substance application. The ocular irritation scores should be evaluated in conjunction with the nature and severity of lesions, and their reversibility or lack of reversibility. Use of topical anesthetics and systemic analgesics to avoid or minimize pain and distress in ocular safety testing procedures is described.

  • 25-June-2020

    English

    EU4Environment virtual consultation with Belarus

    On 25 June 2020, the EU4Environment Implementing Partners, jointly with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of Belarus, will hold a virtual consultation. The objectives are to review the in-country situation in light of COVID-19; present progress with EU4Environment implementation; discuss plans for the rest of the year in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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  • 25-June-2020

    English

    Emergency responses for the supply of disinfectants against Covid-19

    The COVID-19 pandemic calls for urgent policy responses to support the supply of disinfectant products such as hand sanitisers and wipes. The OECD is collecting and providing available information in countries to manage the emergency supply to increase availability of disinfectant products from different competent authorities and industry organisations.

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  • 22-June-2020

    English

    OECD Biotechnology Update

    Read our newsletter to stay up-to-date with all the latest OECD work on biotechnology.

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  • 22-June-2020

    English

    Carbon pricing design: Effectiveness, efficiency and feasibility - An investment perspective

    Carbon pricing helps countries steer their economies towards and along a carbon-neutral growth path. This paper considers how the design of carbon pricing instruments affects their effectiveness, efficiency and feasibility. Design choices matter both for taxes and Emissions Trading Systems (ETSs). Considering the role of carbon price stability for clean investment, the paper shows how volatile carbon prices can cause risk-averse investors to forego clean investment that they would have undertaken with more stable prices. The paper then evaluates the effectiveness and efficiency of policy instruments to stabilise carbon prices in ETSs, which tend to produce more volatile carbon prices than taxes. The paper analyses the auction reserve price in California, the carbon price support in the UK, and the market stability reserve in the EU ETS. Considering feasibility, the paper discusses the tax (or emissions) base, how revenue use can affect support from households and firms, and administrative choices.

  • 22-June-2020

    English

    Towards a green fiscal reform in the Slovak Republic - Proposals for strengthening the role of market-based environmental policy instruments

    Environmental fiscal reforms are an essential building block to steer countries onto a sustainable long-term development path. This paper develops proposals for strengthening the role of market-based environmental policy instruments in the Slovak Republic. The paper discusses reform options aimed at mitigating air pollution and climate change, improved waste management and biodiversity conservation. This includes measures such as introduction of automatic indexation of environmentally related taxes, differentiation of energy tax rates by emission intensity of fuels, broadening tax bases to include all emission sources and reforming preferential fiscal treatment of household fuel use – a major source of local air pollution. In the waste management domain, raising the landfill tax to better reflect external environmental costs of particular tax bases would help encourage diversion of waste from landfills. A complementary waste incineration tax would help incentivise waste prevention, composting and material recycling.

  • 18-June-2020

    English

    Who we are and what we do

    Summary on Chemical Safety and Biosafety work at the OECD. While an important focus of the work is on safety aspects of the production, processing and use of industrial chemicals, some work is done on pesticides, chemical accidents, and biotechnology.

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  • 16-June-2020

    English

    OECD Good Laboratory Practice: Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

    GLP issues raised by testing labs are covered in this comprehensive list of questions and answers, recently updated with questions related to: Test Facility organisation and personnel, Quality Assurance, Equipment and computerized systems, Test items, reference items and samples/specimens (Biologicals, GMOs, etc.), SOPs, Management of the study, Histopathology, Archives and E-Archives and Monitoring Test Facility compliance by GLP CMAs.

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  • 16-June-2020

    English

    Decarbonising Urban Mobility with Land Use and Transport Policies - The Case of Auckland, New Zealand

    The report presents an in-depth analysis of various policies that aim to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of urban transport. Decarbonising transport lies at the core of efforts to mitigate climate change and has close links to urban sustainability and housing affordability. The report identifies the drivers of rising emissions in the urban transport sector and offers pathways to reduce them through a combination of transport and land use policies. The analysis yields a holistic welfare evaluation of these policies, assessing them according to their environmental effectiveness, their economic efficiency and their impact on fiscal balance and housing affordability. The report concludes that significant reductions in emissions from urban transport can be achieved through a careful alignment of transport policies designed to promote the use of public transit and electric vehicles, and land use policies, which foster a more compact urban form. The study is based on the case of Auckland, New Zealand but the lessons drawn are relevant for institutions and governments working on issues relating to urban sustainability, transport, housing and climate change mitigation.

  • 15-June-2020

    English

    Pesticides publications (Chronological order)

    Two new reports have been released in the Series on Pesticides: A Guidance Document for the Assessment of the Equivalence of Technical Grade Active Ingredients for Identical Microbial Strains and a Guidance Document on Residues in Rotational Crops.

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