Health-care reform in Japan: controlling costs, improving quality and ensuring equity

Japan’s health-care system has provided universal access to care and contributed to the outstanding health status of the Japanese. Public spending has been kept below the OECD average through high co-payment rates and reductions in medical fees.

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• Economic Survey of Japan 2009

Financial stability: overcoming the crisis and improving the efficiency of the banking sector in Japan

Japanese banks largely avoided the direct impact from the global financial crisis thanks to their limited exposure to foreign toxic assets, the regulatory framework in Japan and the small role of securitisation.

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• Economic Survey of Japan 2009

Key economic projections by country

Economic forecasts for GDP, unemployment, inflation and fiscal balance.

Supporting Japan policy objectives: the OECD Contribution

Japan is one of the countries hardest-hit by the crisis. We now see signs of a recovery in Japan, thanks to large-scale fiscal stimulus and accommodative measures by the Bank of Japan. But the great challenge today is to move from a policy-based recovery to self-sustained growth.

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Policy Brief: Economic Survey of Japan 2009

In the context of the global economic crisis, the Japanese economy has falleninto its deepest recession of the post-war era. Output is projected to contract byaround 6% in 2009, reflecting a plunge in exports and tighter financial conditions.Prompt action by the authorities to stabilise financial markets, cut the policyinterest rate and implement large-scale fiscal stimulus is cushioning the blow andsets the stage for a mild recovery,

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Economic Survey of Japan 2009: Health-care reform in Japan: controlling costs, improving quality

Japan’s health-care system should be improved by increasing its efficiency to limit costs, enhancing quality and reducing shortages. Moreover, universal coverage requires improving compliance in paying premiums.

Economic Survey of Japan 2009

Japan has been hard-hit by the global financial crisis. Its main economic challenges include raising its growth potential, upgrading the financial sector, resolving its fiscal problem, reforming health care and improving climate change policies.

Policy Brief: OECD対日審査報告書2009年版

世界経済危機の中，日本経済は戦後最大の景気後退に陥った．2009年の国内総 生産は，輸出の低迷と厳しい金融状況を反映し，約6%の減少となる見込みである．金融市場の安定化を図り，政策金利を引下げ，そして大規模な財政刺激策を実施 するという当局による迅速な対応は，世界貿易の反転がゆっくりとしたものに止ま るという状況の中で，景気悪化の影響を和らげ，緩やかな回復のきっかけとなって いる．デフレ傾向が続く中において，日本銀行は，政策金利をゼロ近傍に据え置く べきである．

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Economic Survey of Japan 2009: Improving the policy framework in Japan to address climate change

To achieve its targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a cost-effective manner, Japan should create a mandatory and comprehensive emission trading system, supplemented if necessary, by carbon taxes.

Economic Survey of Japan 2009: The fiscal policy response to the crisis and achieving fiscal sustainability

Japan needs a credible fiscal consolidation plan, including spending cuts and tax increases, to maintain confidence in its fiscal sustainability as gross public debt nears 200% of GDP in 2010.