Policy Brief: Economic Survey of Italy, 2009

Italy is facing a difficult period. The economy is in a sharp recession, mainly because of external developments linked to the global financial crisis, and there is great uncertainty about the strength and timing of the recovery.

Economic Survey of Italy 2009: The impact of the crisis and the potential for fiscal stimulus

Italy is suffering a serious economic recession, which started earlier than elsewhere but has now accelerated following the downturn elsewhere and collapse in world trade.

Economic Survey of Italy 2009: Weathering the storm: the financial system in Italy

Italy is facing strong headwinds from the international financial crisis but so far its banking system has been more resilient than in other countries. This chapter suggests that this reflects a combination of factors.

Economic Survey of Italy 2009: Towards better schools and more equal opportunities for learning

This chapter explores the reasons for poor and unequal performance in Italian secondary education. The chapter outlines the structure of spending and then considers how certain aspects of policy should be better aligned with good practice.

Austria - external links to macroeconomic reports and data

External links to: recent economic data; current interest rates and exchange rates; latest macroeconomic reports; current outlook and projections; government budget information; speeches; relevant sites.

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• External links to macroeconomic reports and data

Capital inflows, household debt and the boom bust cycle in Estonia

Estonia is now in a severe recession. To restore high and sustainable growth, the country will need to rebalance its resources from non-tradables towards exports.

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• Economic Survey of Estonia 2009

Policy Brief: Economic Survey of Estonia, 2009

Estonia grew faster than most emerging market economies during 2000‑07, but it is now in a severe recession. While the initial reversal of GDP growth was caused by a collapse of domestic demand, at the current juncture Estonia is vulnerable to external shocks as well.

Labour market flexibility in Estonia: what more can be done?

This paper discusses options for removing the remaining barriers that impede worker reallocation across jobs, sectors, and regions into more productive activities.

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• Economic Survey of Estonia 2009

Structural policies to overcome geographic barriers and create prosperity in New Zealand

New Zealand’s living standards remain well below the OECD average. This is entirely attributable to persistently low labour productivity, which in turn is related to economic geography as well as structural policy factors.

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Policy Brief: Economic Survey of France, 2009

The French economy has not escaped the severe recession gripping all developed countries. After ending the year 2008 with a sharp decline, output is likely to contract further during the rest of this year, and prospects for 2010 remain highly uncertain, despite the many stimulus plans at home.