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Informality has important implications for productivity, economic growth, and the inequality of income. In recent years, the extent of informal employment has increased in many of Mexico's states, though highly heterogeneously.
Legal systems provide the basic institutions for firms and markets to operate. Their quality can have important consequences on the size distribution of firms, who rely on them for contract enforcement. This paper uses the variation in legal system quality across states in Mexico to examine the relationship between judicial quality and firm size.
The economic situation of young people is unsatisfactory. Educational inequalities have been widening for over a decade, due to a sharp decline in the results of the most highly disadvantaged students. The unemployment rate for the 20-24 age bracket has not dropped below 16% for nearly 30 years.
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Slovenia is in a deep recession and, despite recent reforms, must solve the banking crisis, strengthen fiscal sustainability and boost growth through structural reforms, according to the OECD’s latest economic Survey of Slovenia.
Taxes and cash transfers reduce income inequality more in France than elsewhere in the OECD, because of the large size of the flows involved. But the system is complex overall. Its effectiveness could be enhanced in many ways, for example so as to achieve the same amount of redistribution at lower cost.
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Income inequality in Colombia has declined since the early 2000s but remains very high by international standards. While most of the inequality originates from the labour market, wealth – and thus capital income – is also highly concentrated and the tax and transfer system has little redistributive impact.
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Income inequality in Colombia has declined since the early 2000s but remains very high by international standards. Income dispersion largely originates from the labour market, which is characterised by a still high unemployment rate, a pervasive informal sector and a wide wage dispersion reflecting a large education premium for those with higher education.
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China enjoys a more stable and balanced growth and is now definitely on course to become the world’s largest economy around 2016. But major reforms are still needed to ensure a fourth decade of rapidly converging living standards and a greener economy, said OECD Secretary-General.
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Despite a glum global economic context China is set to continue to catch up fast, propelled by ongoing urbanisation. Environmental pressures are on the rise, however, and greening growth has become a top policy priority.
经合组织最新一期的《中国经济调查》指出,尽管中国在实现包容性增长方面成效显著,但为确保第四个十年更快地向更高生活水平靠拢,并使经济更加“绿色”,中国仍需采取重大措施深入改革。
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