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14-July-2009
English
The complexities and fragmentation of Brazil’s tax system make it particularly onerous to enterprises, making it a priority for reform. The state-level VAT has often been used as an industrial policy instrument, resulting in predatory tax competition among the states. Remaining federal levies on enterprise turnover are detrimental to the competitiveness of Brazilian exports. The burden of payroll taxes and social security
8-July-2009
English
This paper analyses trends in and driving forces of the revenue composition of sub-central governments (SCG).
8-July-2009
English
Securing fiscal sustainability requires a reform of the fiscal federalism system. The current transfer system does not align spending and taxing responsibilities and the organisation of the federation is not promoting public spending efficiency.
8-July-2009
English
Public finances are shifting further away from fiscal sustainability, emphasising the need for the reform of the fiscal policy making and strategies to deal with the costs of ageing.
8-July-2009
English
This pilot study presents indicators that assess sub-central government (SCG) spending power by policy area. Traditional indicators are often misleading as they underestimate the impact of central government regulation on sub-central spending patterns.
8-July-2009
English
The tax system is relying too much on relatively growth distorting taxes. Despite reforms, labour taxation continues to contribute to substantial labour market traps while corporate tax rates are relatively high. Moreover, most tax bases are narrowed by numerous exemptions and reductions.
6-July-2009
English
To investigate the possible impact of terms of trade gains on the real economy, this paper estimates normalised quadratic input demand and output supply functions for the Brazilian economy during 1997-2008.
6-July-2009
English
To shed further light on this issue in the context of emerging market economies, this paper uses Brazilian data to estimate the determinants of the current account in a smooth transition vector autoregressive (ST VAR) setting.
2-July-2009
English
Austria entered the most severe recession in decades. This triggered prompt policy measures to stabilise the real economy and financial markets, which will deteriorate significantly the fiscal position.
29-June-2009
English
As in most other OECD countries, the fiscal situation in the UK has deteriorated sharply. While to date the discretionary fiscal stimulus has been relatively modest, after around the turn of the century the underlying fiscal position weakened more than anticipated. While there was some subsequent improvement, particularly in tax receipts, the severe impact of the downturn on the public finances and the borrowing related to the rescue
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