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The objective of the work on the project-based mechanisms is to assess progress with, and design options for the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI). Bookmark this page: www.oecd.org/env/cc/pbm .
Carbon Capture and Storage in the CDM (Dec 2007)
Cédric Philibert (IEA), Jane Ellis (OECD), and Jacek Podkanski (IEA)
The possible inclusion of CCS projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) raises a number of issues, including how to deal with potential leaks of CO2 and associated permanence and liability issues, what an appropriate project boundary is, how to deal with CDM-“leakage” (i.e. emissions resulting from the project activity beyond its boundaries) and what the possible impact of including CCS would be on the broad CDM portfolio. In assessing these issues, this paper analyses various ways to effectively address the key issue of long-term liability and show the potential climate benefits of including CCS in the CDM.
Overcoming Barriers to Clean Development Mechanism Projects (May 2007)
Jane Ellis (OECD) and Sami Kamel (UNEP Risø Centre)
The market for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects is continuing to grow rapidly, with the current portfolio expecting to deliver 2 billion tons of CO2-eq greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2012, equivalent to 17% of Annex I Parties’ base year GHG emissions. In total, governments and companies have earmarked over USD11 billion for CDM funding to 2012. This study analyses the various barriers to CDM market expansion in developing countries, and makes recommendations on how some of them can be removed or reduced. It also examines the distribution of CDM projects amongst regions and sectors.
Joint Implementation: Current Issues and Emerging Challenges (Oct 2006)
Katia Karousakis (OECD)
This paper reviews issues and challenges associated with implementing Joint Implementation (JI) under the Kyoto Protocol. The paper begins with an overview of the current JI portfolio and the existing market developments: who are the major buyers and sellers, what sectors are involved, and what are the current market prices for emission reduction units (ERUs). Though JI is currently only a small part of the developing carbon market, JI is developing rapidly.
The Developing CDM Market: May 2006 Update (May 2006)
by Jane Ellis and Katia Karousakis
This paper updates key observations regarding developments in the CDM portfolio.
Issues Related to a Programme of Activities under the CDM (May 2006)
by Jane Ellis
This paper assesses how “project activities under a programme of activities” under the CDM (referred to here as PCDM) could help to increase the effectiveness of the CDM by encouraging a wide spread of emission mitigation activities. This paper also explores the key issues that may need to be considered for the PCDM concept to be further implemented.
The Developing CDM Market (Nov 2005)
by Jane Ellis and Ellina Levina
This paper outlines key observations regarding developments in the CDM portfolio.
The CDM Portfolio: Update on Non-electricity Projects (Nov 2004)
by Jane Ellis and Frédéric Gagnon-Lebrun
The CDM portfolio is growing and changing fast. Current proposals for CDM projects indicate that they expect to generate 352 million credits prior to 2012: 91.3 million credits pre- 2008 and a further 52.3 million per year (equivalent to the amount of Denmark’s CO2 emissions in 1990) during 2008-2012. The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the composition of the CDM project portfolio, based on analysis of project-specific documentation for 201 proposed CDM projects, and to examine how additionality, baselines and co-benefits of proposed CDM projects have been treated. In particular, this paper focuses on proposed CDM project activities that mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions primarily through activities that do not involve electricity generation.
Taking Stock of Progress under the Clean Development Mechanism (June 2004)
by Jane Ellis, Jan Corfee-Morlot and Harald Winkler
This paper looks at the achievements of the CDM to date in the context of wider private and public flows of investment into developing countries. The paper also raises some questions about the ability the CDM to act as a bridge towards achievement of cost-effective GHG mitigation across different countries and regions over time while also advancing sustainable development objectives in developing countries.
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