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Social Capital: The Challenge of International Measurement - The Measurement of Social Capital in Turkey

The concept of Social Capital has until now no place in official statistics or in the general terminology of social research. It is applied by a few authors in the border area between economics, political science and sociology. But there are several concepts encompassing a similar domain of ideas: SOLDARITÄT (solidarity, community functioning and norms): mutual assistance and trust, particularly within common interest groups and within cooperating units in organisations; SYNERGIE (synergetic cooperation): the pooling of endeavour and resources, particularly between different social units and cultures; SOZIALKONTAKT (social contact and support): frequency and intensity of meeting and interacting with persons and groups in some degree of relation - relatives, friends, persons in helping relations; acquaintances, neighbors, coworkers, organized groups; DEMOKRATIE (democratic functioning): degree of democratic participation in political, cultural and economic organisations and activities, elections, demos, lobbying; ANOMIE (deficiency of norms, social disruption): lack of social orders, level of sociopathology and criminality. In explicit and implicit connection with such concepts a modest quantity of "weak" indicators from official statistics and from survey research is used. A continuous and integrated system of research in the field of Social Capital is lacking.